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COVID-19疫情防控常态化下某疾病预防控制系统职工心理健康现状及影响因素

谢彦昕,  齐慧,  潘杰,  陆湘华,  郝莉鹏,  朱渭萍

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文章导航 > 中华疾病控制杂志  > 2022 >  26(5): 604-610
谢彦昕, 齐慧, 潘杰, 陆湘华, 郝莉鹏, 朱渭萍. COVID-19疫情防控常态化下某疾病预防控制系统职工心理健康现状及影响因素[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2022, 26(5): 604-610. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2022.05.020
引用本文: 谢彦昕, 齐慧, 潘杰, 陆湘华, 郝莉鹏, 朱渭萍. COVID-19疫情防控常态化下某疾病预防控制系统职工心理健康现状及影响因素[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2022, 26(5): 604-610. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2022.05.020
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XIE Yan-xin, QI Hui, PAN Jie, LU Xiang-hua, HAO Li-peng, ZHU Wei-ping. Mental health status and influencing factors of staffs in the disease control and prevention system under the normalization prevention of COVID-19 epidemic[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2022, 26(5): 604-610. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2022.05.020
Citation: XIE Yan-xin, QI Hui, PAN Jie, LU Xiang-hua, HAO Li-peng, ZHU Wei-ping. Mental health status and influencing factors of staffs in the disease control and prevention system under the normalization prevention of COVID-19 epidemic[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2022, 26(5): 604-610. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2022.05.020
shu

COVID-19疫情防控常态化下某疾病预防控制系统职工心理健康现状及影响因素

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2022.05.020
  • 1.

    200136 上海，上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心传染病防治与消毒管理科，复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院，传染病监测预警中国疾病预防控制中心重点实验室研究基地

  • 2.

    200120 上海，上海市浦东新区陆家嘴社区卫生服务中心办公室

基金项目: 

上海市医务工会理论研究重点课题 2020YGL03

浦东新区科技发展基金民生科研专项资金(医疗卫生)项目 PKJ2020-Y63

浦东新区疾病预防控制中心“新星计划”人才培养项目 PDCDC-XX2021-04

详细信息
    通讯作者:

    朱渭萍，E-mail: junnybaby@126.com

  • 中图分类号: R395.6

Mental health status and influencing factors of staffs in the disease control and prevention system under the normalization prevention of COVID-19 epidemic

  • 1.

    Infectious Disease Control and Disinfection Management Department, Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Research Base of Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease in China CDC, Shanghai 200136, China

  • 2.

    Office, Lujiazui Community Health Center, Shanghai 200120, China

Funds: 

Theoretical Research of Shanghai Medical Union 2020YGL03

Project of Pudong New Area Science and Technology Development Fund (Medical and Health) PKJ2020-Y63

"New Star Plan" Talent Cultivation Project of Pudong New District Disease Prevention and Control Center PDCDC-XX2021-04

More Information

    摘要
  • 摘要:   目的  调查COVID-19疫情防控常态化下上海市疾病预防控制系统职工心理健康现状，分析相关影响因素。  方法  采用分层整群抽样的方法，对上海市4所CDC共538名职工开展心理健康状况问卷调查。  结果  调查对象抑郁、焦虑、人际孤独得分分别为10(3, 20)分、7(2, 15)分、4(0, 12)分。不同学历、婚姻状况、职业、有无基础性疾病、不同单位、不同工作班制组的抑郁得分比较，均存在统计学差异(均有P < 0.05)，不同学历、职业、有无基础性疾病、不同单位、不同工作班制组的焦虑及人际孤独得分比较，均存在统计学差异(均有P < 0.05)。职工自我判断抑郁、焦虑、人际孤独来源主要是常规工作与疫情工作并存带来的双重压力、疫情进展不明确、不知何时结束等。多因素分析结果显示单位、基础性疾病、轮班制(多班、倒班制)、学历、近两周最长工作时长是职工抑郁得分的主要影响因素；单位、基础性疾病、轮班制(多班、倒班制)、近两周最长工作时长是职工焦虑得分的主要影响因素；单位、轮班制(多班、倒班制)是职工人际孤独得分的主要影响因素。  结论  上海市疾病预防控制系统职工中抑郁、焦虑、人际孤独三个维度的得分及影响因素各不相同，应结合抑郁、焦虑、人际孤独自我判定来源有针对性地进行干预，提高其心理健康水平。
    Abstract:   Objective  To investigate the mental status of staffs in disease prevention and control system of Shanghai, and to analyze the relevant factors that may affect the mental status of staffs under the normalized prevention and control period of COVID-19.  Methods  Stratified cluster sampling was used in the study. A questionnaire survey on 538 staffs in 4 disease control and prevention centers was implemented.  Results  The scores of depression, anxiety, interpersonal loneliness were listed as 10(3, 20), 7(2, 15), 4(0, 12). Depression scores in different education backgrounds, marital status, occupations, underlying diseases, units, work shifts population were different (all P < 0.05). Anxiety and interpersonal loneliness scores in different education backgrounds, occupations, underlying diseases, units, work shifts population were different (all P < 0.05). The respondents thought that pressure from the routine work and the COVID-19 prevention and control work, uncertainty about the COVID-19 development, et al all contributed to their depression, anxiety, interpersonal loneliness feeling. Results showed that units, underlying diseases, work shifts, education backgrounds, the longest working hour in the last 2 weeks were the main influencing factors of depression scores basing on multi-factor analysis model; units, underlying diseases, work shifts, the longest working hour in the last 2 weeks were the main influencing factors of anxiety scores; units, work shifts were the main influencing factors of interpersonal loneliness scores.  Conclusions  The scores and influencing factors of depression, anxiety, interpersonal loneliness dimension in the study were separately different. It is suggested that targeted measures should be taken to improve the mental health status of the staffs.
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  • 表  1  上海市疾病预防控制系统职工心理健康状况与基本特征分析

    Table  1.   The relationship between mental health status and basic characteristics of staffs

    基本特征 合计[n(%)] 抑郁 焦虑 人际与孤独
    M(P25, P75) Z/χ2值 P值 M(P25, P75) Z/χ2值 P值 M(P25, P75) Z/χ2值 P值
    性别 -0.318 0.750 -0.341 0.733 -1.585 0.113
      男 198(36.80) 9.00(3.00, 23.00) 6.50(1.75, 19.00) 5.00(0.00, 15.25)
      女 340(63.20) 11.00(3.00, 19.75) 8.00(2.00, 15.00) 4.00(0.00, 12.00)
    年龄组(岁) 8.058 0.234 7.110 0.311 7.083 0.313
      21~ < 26 20(3.72) 10.00(4.00, 24.75) 7.00(1.25, 14.50) 3.00(0.00, 13.75)
      26~ < 31 86(15.99) 13.00(3.75, 22.00) 7.50(2.00, 16.00) 5.00(0.00, 12.00)
      31~ < 36 72(13.38) 10.00(4.00, 25.00) 6.00(1.00, 16.75) 3.00(0.00, 13.75)
      36~ < 41 88(16.36) 11.00(4.00, 21.75) 9.00(2.25, 21.00) 4.50(0.00, 13, 75)
      41~ < 46 97(18.03) 11.00(4.50, 20.00) 9.00(3.00, 17.50) 5.00(1.00, 12.00)
      46~50 68(12.64) 8.00(2.00, 18.50) 6.50(1.00, 11.00) 2.00(0.00, 8.75)
      >50 107(19.89) 8.00(2.00, 17.00) 6.00(1.00, 14.00) 4.00(0.00, 12.00)
    学历 17.511 0.002 14.390 0.006 12.157 0.016
      高中及以下 26(4.83) 3.00(0.00, 7.25) 1.00(0.00, 5.00) 0.00(0.00, 2.75)
      专科 51(9.48) 8.00(1.00, 16.00) 5.00(1.00, 14.00) 4.00(0.00, 11.00)
      本科 343(63.75) 11.00(4.00, 21.00) 8.00(2.00, 15.00) 4.00(0.00, 12.00)
      硕士研究生 113(21.00) 11.00(3.00, 22.00) 8.00(1.00, 19.00) 4.00(0.00, 14.50)
      博士研究生 5(0.93) 8.00(0.00, 12.00) 4.00(0.00, 9.00) 0.00(0.00, 7.00)
    婚姻状况 10.597 0.031 7.114 0.130 6.293 0.178
      未婚 81(15.06) 13.00(4.50, 23.00) 8.00(2.00, 16.00) 5.00(0.00, 12.50)
      已婚未育 50(9.29) 14.00(3.75, 26.00) 9.50(3.00, 21.00) 7.00(0.00, 16.25)
      已婚已育 394(73.23) 9.00(3.00, 19.00) 7.00(1.00, 14.25) 3.50(0.00, 12.00)
      离异 12(2.23) 7.00(0.00, 17.25) 4.00(0.00, 18.25) 1.00(0.00, 8.75)
      丧偶 1(0.19) 5.00(5.00, 5.00) 1.00(1.00, 1.00) 0.00(0.00, 0.00)
    职业 16.058 0.003 15.537 0.004 12.869 0.012
      医生 262(48.70) 11.00(3.75, 21.00) 7.50(2.00, 17.00) 4.00(0.00, 12.00)
      医技人员 161(29.93) 11.00(4.00, 21.50) 9.00(2.00, 17.00) 5.00(0.00, 14.00)
      行政人员 36(6.69) 9.50(2.00, 14.75) 5.50(0.25, 13.50) 4.00(0.00, 12.00)
      后勤保障人员 42(7.81) 3.00(0.00, 11.25) 2.00(0.00, 8.00) 0.00(0.00, 7.00)
      其他 37(6.88) 8.00(4.00, 19.50) 8.00(1.00, 13.00) 3.00(0.00, 11.00)
    职称 7.480 0.058 7.781 0.051 6.791 0.079
      初级 178(33.09) 11.00(3.00, 22.00) 7.00(1.00, 16.25) 4.00(0.00, 12.25)
      中级 260(48.33) 10.00(4.00, 19.00) 8.00(2.00, 15.00) 4.00(0.00, 12.00)
      高级 69(12.83) 11.00(3.50, 21.00) 9.00(3.00, 16.00) 6.00(1.00, 13.50)
      其他 31(5.76) 4.00(0.00, 9.00) 3.00(0.00, 7.00) 0.00(0.00, 7.00)
    个人年收入(万) 2.499 0.475 5.352 0.148 3.468 0.325
      ＜10 110(20.45) 8.00(0.00, 22.25) 4.00(0.00, 15.00) 1.50(0.00, 12.00)
      10~ < 15 361(67.10) 11.00(4.00, 20.00) 8.00(2.00, 15.00) 4.00(0.00, 12.00)
      15~ < 20 55(10.22) 10.00(4.00, 19.00) 8.00(3.00, 17.00) 3.00(0.00, 13.00)
      20~29 12(2.23) 10.50(3.25, 22.25) 9.00(1.25, 17.50) 5.00(0.00, 23.25)
    基础性疾病 -3.026 0.002 -3.611 < 0.001 -2.959 0.003
      有 90(16.73) 14.00(8.00, 24.25) 11.00(3.00, 21.25) 8.00(1.00, 16.25)
      无 448(83.27) 9.00(3.00, 19.00) 6.00(1.00, 13.75) 3.00(0.00, 12.00)
    参加重大突发公共卫生事件疫情防控 -0.258 0.797 -1.455 0.146 -1.480 0.139
      是 249(46.28) 10.00(3.00, 19.00) 8.00(2.50, 15.00) 5.00(0.00, 12.00)
      否 289(53.72) 9.00(3.00, 21.00) 7.00(1.00, 15.00) 3.00(0.00, 12.00)
    单位 70.225 < 0.001 81.752 < 0.001 72.490 < 0.001
      A 234(43.49) 14.00(7.75, 24.00) 12.00(5.00, 22.00) 9.00(1.00, 18.00)
      B 89(16.54) 11.00(3.00, 19.00) 8.00(2.00, 12.00) 4.00(0.00, 12.00)
      C 107(19.89) 5.00(0.00, 12.00) 3.00(0.00, 9.00) 1.00(0.00, 8.00)
      D 108(20.07) 6.00(1.00, 11.00) 3.00(0.00, 9.00) 0.00(0.00, 4.00)
    工作班制
      常规日班 -2.925 0.003 -2.817 0.005 -1.620 0.105
        是 405(75.28) 9.00(3.00, 19.00) 7.00(1.00, 15.00) 4.00(0.00, 12.00)
        否 133(24.72) 12.00(5.00, 24.00) 9.00(3.00, 20.00) 4.00(0.00, 15.50)
      晚班 -2.062 0.039 -2.003 0.045 -2.177 0.029
        是 77(14.31) 12.00(7.00, 21.00) 9.00(4.00, 18.00) 6.00(1.00, 12.00)
        否 461(85.69) 9.00(3.00, 20.00) 7.00(1.00, 15.00) 4.00(0.00, 12.00)
      轮班 -4.876 < 0.001 -4.275 < 0.001 -3.056 0.002
        是 228(42.38) 12.00(5.00, 24.00) 9.00(3.00, 19.75) 5.00(0.00, 15.00)
        否 310(57.62) 8.00(2.00, 16.25) 6.00(0.00, 12.00) 3.00(0.00, 12.00)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  抑郁、焦虑、人际孤独原因的自我判断[n(%)]

    Table  2.   Self evaluation about the origin of depression, anxiety, interpersonal loneliness [n(%)]

    项目 n(%)
    常规工作与疫情工作并存带来的双重压力 341(63.38)
    疫情进展不明确，不知何时结束 333(61.90)
    付出与收入不匹配 323(60.04)
    工作强度太大 294(54.65)
    岗位、人员调度安排等不合理 206(38.29)
    工作不被社会认可 189(35.13)
    担心感染新型冠状病毒 170(31.60)
    工作能力不够 113(21.00)
    未出现过焦虑 62(11.52)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  职工抑郁、焦虑、人际孤独得分影响因素分析

    Table  3.   Influence-factor analysis of depression, anxiety and loneliness scores of staffs

    变量 系数B sd β值 t值 P值 (95% CI)值
    抑郁
      单位
        A 1.000
        B -3.445 1.274 -0.115 -2.704 0.007 -5.947~-0.942
        C -7.471 1.230 -0.267 -6.072 < 0.001 -9.888~-5.054
        D -7.238 1.212 -0.261 -5.974 < 0.001 -9.618~-4.858
      基础性疾病
        有 1.000
        无 -3.683 1.213 -0.124 -3.036 0.003 -6.066~-1.300
      轮班制(多班、倒班制)
        无 1.000
        有 3.723 1.016 0.165 3.666 < 0.001 1.727~5.718
      学历
        高中及以下 1.000
        专科 2.661 2.488 0.069 1.069 0.285 -2.227~7.548
        本科 6.605 2.115 0.285 3.123 0.002 2.451~10.760
        硕士研究生 6.989 2.267 0.256 3.083 0.002 2.536~11.442
        博士研究生 -1.266 4.980 -0.011 -0.254 0.799 -11.049~8.517
      近两周最长工作时长 0.144 0.093 0.071 1.540 0.124 -0.040~0.327
    焦虑
      单位
        A 1.000
        B -4.206 1.132 -0.158 -3.715 < 0.001 -6.431~-1.982
        C -6.729 1.089 -0.271 -6.177 < 0.001 -8.869~-4.589
        D -7.725 1.069 -0.314 -7.225 < 0.001 -9.825~-5.624
      基础性疾病
        有 1.000
        无 -3.285 1.067 -0.124 -3.079 0.002 -5.381~-1.189
      轮班制(多班、倒班制)
        无 1.000
        有 3.142 0.908 0.157 3.459 0.001 1.358~4.926
      近两周最长工作时长 0.148 0.083 0.083 1.797 0.073 -0.014~0.311
    人际孤独
      单位
        A 1.000
        B -4.574 1.118 -0.179 -4.091 < 0.001 -4.574~1.118
        C -6.119 1.039 -0.260 -5.892 < 0.001 -6.119~1.039
        D -7.498 1.030 -0.320 -7.276 < 0.001 -7.498~1.030
      轮班制(多班、倒班制)
        无 1.000
        有 2.883 0.782 0.151 3.689 < 0.001 2.883~0.782
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-05-08
  • 修回日期:  2021-08-11
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-05-11
  • 刊出日期:  2022-05-10

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