深圳市居民2017—2020年伤害死亡特征及减寿分析

张焯杰; 张振; 卫兰; 付英斌; 吴永胜

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2022.06.008

深圳市居民2017—2020年伤害死亡特征及减寿分析

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2022.06.008

518055 深圳，深圳市疾病预防控制中心信息技术部

详细信息

通讯作者:
吴永胜，E-mail：cdc@szcdc.net

中图分类号: R195
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-01
- 修回日期: 2022-02-09
- 网络出版日期: 2022-06-16
- 刊出日期: 2022-06-10

Analysis of characteristics of injury-induced death and life loss among Shenzhen residents, 2017-2020

Information Technology Department of Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China

More Information

Corresponding author: WU Yong-sheng, E-mail: cdc@szcdc.net

摘要

摘要: 目的分析2017—2020年深圳市居民的主要伤害死亡特征及减寿情况, 为制定伤害预防控制策略和措施提供科学依据。方法使用构成比、死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost, PYLL)、减寿率(potential years of life lost rate, PYLLR)、平均减寿年数(average years of life lost, AYLL)等指标评估伤害死亡特征及减寿情况。同时应用Joinpoint回归对主要伤害死因的年龄别死亡率进行分析比较。结果 2017—2020年深圳市居民的伤害死亡例数为7 199, 年均粗死亡率为12.73/10万, 年均标化死亡率为20.70/10万, 男性高于女性。伤害死因及伤害所致PYLL前三位均为自杀、交通事故和意外跌落。全人群全部伤害死因年龄别死亡率的整体变化为平均每岁上升4.9%(t=5.2, P < 0.001), 自杀死亡率为平均每岁上升3.1%(t=3.8, P < 0.001), 交通事故死亡率为平均每岁上升2.7%(t=2.8, P=0.005), 意外跌落死亡率为平均每岁上升6.1%(t=6.8, P < 0.001), 男、女死亡率转折点不同, 且死亡率曲线不平行, 变化趋势不一样。4年间伤害所造成的PYLL合计为269 093.5人年, AYLL为37.38年/人, PYLLR为4.76‰。结论自杀是深圳市居民首要伤害死因, 男、女各伤害死因死亡率呈现不同的年龄变化趋势, 需根据重点人群采取针对性的措施。伤害导致严重的寿命损失, 给家庭和社会带来重大影响, 社会各界需加强对伤害的预防, 减少伤害尤其是致死性伤害的发生。
- 伤害 /
- 死亡率 /
- 死因顺位 /
- 潜在减寿年数
Abstract: Objective To analyze characteristics of the main injury-induced death and life loss among Shenzhen residents during 2017-2020 and provide a scientific basis for the targeted formulation of strategies and measures for injury prevention and control. Methods Injury-induced death characteristics and life loss were assessed using composition ratio, mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, potential years of life lost (PYLL), potential years of life lost rate (PYLLR), and average years of life lost (AYLL). Joinpoint regression was also applied to compare the age-specific mortality rates of significant injury death causes in different years and genders. Results The number of injury-induced deaths among Shenzhen residents in 2017-2020 was 7 199, with an average annual crude mortality rate of 12.73/100 000 and an average annual standardized mortality rate of 20.70/100 000, the mortality rate of males was higher than females. The top three causes of injury-induced death and injury-induced PYLL were suicide, traffic accident and accidental fall. The overall change in the age-specific mortality rate of all injury-induced in the whole population was a mean increase of 4.9% per year (t=5.2, P < 0.001);the overall suicide mortality rate was a mean increase of 3.1% per year (t=3.8, P < 0.001);the overall change of mortality rates for traffic accidents was a mean increase of 2.7% per year (t=2.8, P=0.005);the overall change in mortality rates for falls was a mean increase of 6.1% per year (t=6.8, P< 0.001). The mortality turning points of males and females were different, the mortality curves were not parallel, and the trends were not the same. The total PYLL caused by injuries during the 4-year period was 269 093.5 person-years, the AYLL was 37.38 years/person, and the PYLLR was 4.76 per 1 000. Conclusion Suicide is the primary cause of injury-induced death among Shenzhen residents, and the mortality rates of each cause of injury-induced death for men and women show different age trends. Targeted measures should be taken according to critical populations. Injuries lead to serious life loss and have a significant impact on families and society. All sectors of society need to strengthen the prevention of injuries and reduce the occurrence of injuries, especially fatal injuries.
- Injury /
- Mortality /
- Rank of death causes /
- Potential years of life lost

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图 1 2017—2020年不同伤害死因的年龄别死亡率的Joinpoint线性转折点

注：^a表示P < 0.05。

Figure 1. Joinpoint linear regression analysis on age-specific mortality rate for different injuries, 2017-2020 Bioinformatics analysis of significant differential methylation sites and genes

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表 1 2017—2020年深圳市居民伤害死亡情况

Table 1. Injury deaths of Shenzhen residents, 2017-2020

年份 (年)	男性			女性			全人群
年份 (年)	死亡人数	粗死亡率 (/10万)	标化死亡率 (/10万)	死亡人数	粗死亡率 (/10万)	标化死亡率 (/10万)	死亡人数	粗死亡率 (/10万)	标化死亡率 (/10万)
2017	1 198	17.64	32.94	534	9.31	20.68	1 732	13.82	27.19
2018	1 396	19.77	34.39	620	10.39	22.73	2 016	15.48	29.07
2019	1 263	17.34	31.63	617	10.02	22.31	1 880	13.99	27.33
2020	1 049	10.85	13.74	522	6.61	9.97	1 571	8.95	12.03
APC值		-14.3	-24.2		-9.9	-20.5		-12.8	-22.8
t值		-1.6	-1.9		-1.2	-1.5		-1.5	-1.7
P值		0.247	0.199		0.356	0.274		0.274	0.225

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表 2 2017—2020年深圳市居民伤害分病种死亡情况[n(%)]

Table 2. Injury deaths of Shenzhen residents by disease type, 2017-2020 [n(%)]

伤害类别	男性			女性			全人群
伤害类别	死亡人数	构成比 (%)	死因顺位	死亡人数	构成比 (%)	死因顺位	死亡人数	构成比 (%)	死因顺位
自杀	2 077	42.34	1	1 085	47.32	1	3 162	43.92	1
交通事故	996	20.30	2	411	17.92	2	1 407	19.54	2
意外跌落	671	13.68	3	327	14.26	3	998	13.86	3
其他损伤中毒	350	7.13	4	160	6.98	4	510	7.08	4
意外中毒	237	4.83	5	41	1.79	8	278	3.86	5
被杀	133	2.71	8	125	5.45	5	258	3.58	6
淹死	152	3.10	6	42	1.83	7	194	2.69	7
触电	145	2.96	7	49	2.14	6	194	2.69	7
意外窒息	60	1.22	9	23	1.00	9	83	1.15	9
辗死	43	0.88	10	10	0.44	11	53	0.74	10
火灾	21	0.43	11	14	0.61	10	35	0.49	11
机器意外事故	21	0.43	11	6	0.26	12	27	0.38	12

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表 3 2017—2020年深圳市居民伤害死亡减寿分析

Table 3. Analysis of injury-induced death and life loss of Shenzhen residents, 2017-2020

变量	男性				女性				全人群
变量	死亡人数	PYLL (人年)	AYLL (年/人)	PYLLR (‰)	死亡人数	PYLL (人年)	AYLL (年/人)	PYLLR (‰)	死亡人数	PYLL (人年)	AYLL (年/人)	PYLLR (‰)
2017年
自杀	408	16 944.0	41.53	2.50	206	7 602.0	36.90	1.32	614	24 546.0	39.98	1.96
交通事故	310	11 245.0	36.27	1.66	126	4 905.0	38.93	0.85	436	16 150.0	37.04	1.29
意外跌落	191	5 735.5	30.03	0.84	82	930.0	11.34	0.16	273	6 665.5	24.42	0.53
全部伤害	1 198	45 779.0	38.21	6.74	534	18 259.0	34.19	3.18	1 732	64 038.0	36.97	5.11
2018年
自杀	551	22 925.5	41.61	3.25	275	10 837.5	39.41	1.82	826	33 763.0	40.88	2.59
交通事故	310	11 846.0	38.21	1.68	110	4 015.0	36.50	0.67	420	15 861.0	37.76	1.22
意外跌落	206	6 067.0	29.45	0.86	91	1 158.5	12.73	0.19	297	7 225.5	24.33	0.55
全部伤害	1 396	54 644.0	39.14	7.74	620	21 249.0	34.27	3.56	2 016	75 893.0	37.65	5.83
2019年
自杀	565	23 008.5	40.72	3.16	323	12 039.5	37.27	1.96	888	35 048.0	39.47	2.61
交通事故	231	8 590.5	37.19	1.18	95	3 243.5	34.14	0.53	326	11 834.0	36.30	0.88
意外跌落	159	4 454.5	28.02	0.61	88	1 756.0	19.95	0.29	247	6 210.5	25.14	0.46
全部伤害	1 263	48 648.5	38.52	6.68	617	20 977.5	34.00	3.41	1 880	69 626.0	37.04	5.18
2020年
自杀	553	23 127.5	41.82	2.39	281	10 532.5	37.48	1.33	834	33 660.0	40.36	1.92
交通事故	145	5 429.5	37.44	0.56	80	2 766.0	34.58	0.35	225	8 195.5	36.42	0.47
意外跌落	115	3 541.5	30.80	0.37	66	1 134.0	17.18	0.14	181	4 675.5	25.83	0.27
全部伤害	1 049	41 458.5	39.52	4.29	522	18 078.0	34.63	2.29	1 571	59 536.5	37.90	3.39
合计
自杀	2 077	86 005.5	41.41	2.79	1 085	41 011.5	37.80	1.59	3 162	127 017.0	40.17	2.25
交通事故	996	37 111.0	37.26	1.20	411	14 929.5	36.32	0.58	1 407	52 040.5	36.99	0.92
意外跌落	671	19 798.5	29.51	0.64	327	4 978.5	15.22	0.19	998	24 777.0	24.83	0.44
全部伤害	4 906	190 530.0	38.84	6.19	2 293	78 563.5	34.26	3.05	7 199	269 093.5	37.38	4.76

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