The moderated mediating effect of stressful life events on non-suicidal self-injury in Chinese adolescents
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摘要:
目的 探究负强化在应激性生活事件通过负性情绪激发青少年非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury, NSSI)过程中的调节作用。 方法 采用一般资料调查表、青少年生活事件量表(adolescent self-rating life events checklist, ASLEC)、积极情感消极情感量表(positive affect and negative affect scale, PANAS)、青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷(adolescent non-suicidal self-injury assessment questionnaire, ANSAQ)对4 634名青少年进行匿名调查, 运用结构方程模型分析有调节的中介效应。 结果 青少年NSSI检出率为29.80%。应激性生活事件、负性情绪和NSSI两两间均呈正相关(均有P < 0.01), 负强化与NSSI正相关(P=0.002)。负性情绪在应激性生活事件与NSSI间起中介作用(IE=0.116, 95% CI: 0.090~0.143)。负强化不仅正向调节负性情绪与NSSI的关系(β=0.165, 95% CI: 0.101~0.227), 还可正向调节负性情绪在应激性生活事件与NSSI间的中介效应[中介效应差异比较的3个95%CI分别为(0.090~0.241)、(0.049~0.217)、(0.090~0.241)]。 结论 在应激性生活事件与NSSI间存在有调节的中介效应, 负性情绪发挥中介作用, 负强化不仅恶化负性情绪对NSSI的影响、还加剧应激性生活事件通过负性情绪对NSSI的影响。 Abstract:Objective To explore the moderating role of negative reinforcement in the process of adolescent's non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) stimulated by stressful life events through negative affect. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 4 634 adolescents by using general situation questionnaire, adolescent self-rating life events checklist (ASLEC), positive affect and negative affect scale (PANAS), adolescent non-suicidal self-injury assessment questionnaire (ANSAQ), and using structural equation modeling to test the moderated mediating effect. Results The detection rate of adolescents'NSSI was about 29.80%. Stressful life events, negative affect and NSSI were positive correlated with each others (all P < 0.01), negative reinforcement was positively correlated with NSSI (P=0.002). Negative affect played a mediating role between stressful life events and NSSI (IE=0.116, 95% CI: 0.090-0.143). Negative reinforcement not only positively moderate the relationship between negative affect and NSSI (β=0.165, 95% CI: 0.101-0.227), but also positively moderate the mediating effect of negative affect between stressful life events and NSSI[95%CI of Indirect effects comparison are (0.090-0.241), (0.049-0.217), (0.090-0.241)]. Conclusion There is a moderated mediating effect between stressful life events and NSSI, negative affect is the mediator, negative reinforcement not only exacerbate the impact of negative affect on NSSI, but also exacerbate the impact of stressful life events on NSSI through negative affect. -
图 2 有调节的中介模型M1
注：a表示P < 0.001，NR×NA表示负强化与负性情绪的交互项。
Figure 2. Moderated mediating model M1
图 3 负强化对负性情绪与NSSI关系的简单斜率分析
Figure 3. Simple slope analysis of negative reinforcement between negative affect and NSSI
表 1 NSSI的人口学分布[n(%)]
Table 1. The demographic distribution of NSSI [n(%)]
人口学特征 无NSSI 有NSSI χ2值 P值 性别 6.595 0.010 女 1 642(68.53) 754(31.47) 男 1 611(71.98) 627(28.02) 学段 52.788 < 0.001 初中 1 458(65.15) 780(34.85) 高中 1 795(74.92) 601(25.08) 生源地 2.099 0.147 农村 1 762(69.32) 780(30.68) 城市 1 491(71.27) 601(28.73) 独生子女 3.737 0.053 是 2 421(70.98) 990(29.02) 否 832(68.03) 391(31.97) 
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表 2 负性情绪的中介效应检验
Table 2. Indirect effects of negative affect
路径 Std. Boot SE Bias-Corrected 95% CI LLCI ULCI 总效应 应激性生活事件→NSSI 0.374 0.027 0.320 0.427 直接效应 应激性生活事件→负性情绪 0.398 0.026 0.346 0.449 负性情绪→NSSI 0.292 0.032 0.230 0.355 应激性生活事件→NSSI 0.258 0.031 0.197 0.320 间接效应 应激性生活事件→负性情绪→NSSI 0.116 0.014 0.090 0.143 注：Bootstrap重复抽样5 000次。
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表 3 负强化的调节作用
Table 3. Moderating effect of negative reinforcement
负强化的条件值 Std. Boot SE Bias-Corrected 95% CI LLCI ULCI 负强化×负性情绪→NSSI 0.165 0.032 0.101 0.227 直接效应=负性情绪→NSSI 1.负强化=M-SD 0.160 0.031 0.098 0.221 2.负强化=M 0.325 0.030 0.266 0.384 3.负强化=M+SD 0.490 0.033 0.425 0.555 间接效应=应激性生活事件→负性情绪→NSSI 4.负强化=M-SD 0.064 0.017 0.031 0.097 5.负强化=M 0.131 0.014 0.105 0.158 6.负强化=M+SD 0.197 0.016 0.166 0.228 两两比较 3 vs. 2 0.165 0.039 0.090 0.241 3 vs. 1 0.330 0.079 0.175 0.485 2 vs. 1 0.165 0.039 0.090 0.241 6 vs. 5 0.066 0.021 0.025 0.107 6 vs. 4 0.133 0.043 0.049 0.217 5 vs. 4 0.066 0.021 0.025 0.107 注：Bootstrap重复抽样5 000次。
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