西安市成年肥胖人群膳食多样化与肥胖代谢表型的关联性

滕雨芯; 景慧; Samuel StevenChacha; 汪子平; 石国帅; 李珊珊; 刘丹朦; 颜虹; 党少农

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2023.01.005

西安市成年肥胖人群膳食多样化与肥胖代谢表型的关联性

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2023.01.005

710061 西安，西安交通大学医学部公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系

基金项目:

陕西省自然科学基础研究计划 2021JM-034

国家重点研发计划 2017YFC0907200

国家重点研发计划 2017YFC0907201

详细信息

通讯作者:
党少农，E-mail: tjdshn@mail.xjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: R181.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-21
- 修回日期: 2022-05-20
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-09
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-10

Association between dietary diversity and obesity metabolic phenotypes in obese adults in Xi'an

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China

Funds:

Natural Science basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province 2021JM-034

National Research and Development Program 2017YFC0907200

National Research and Development Program 2017YFC0907201

More Information

Corresponding author: DANG Shao-nong, E-mail: tjdshn@mail.xjtu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 目的了解西安市成年肥胖人群的膳食多样化与肥胖代谢表型的关系。方法数据来源于西北区域自然人群队列中西安城市队列人群的基线调查，选择具有血样且反映代谢表型指标完整的肥胖人群(BMI≥28 kg/m²)1 069例。根据代谢综合征联合国际多学会联合声明的标准定义肥胖代谢表型。参考膳食多样化得分的评价规则，结合中国居民膳食指南构建膳食多样化指标。运用logistic回归分析模型探讨膳食多样化与肥胖代谢表型关系。结果研究对象的膳食多样化存在性别差异，不同肥胖代谢表型者的膳食多样化总分差异有统计学意义。与代谢正常肥胖者相比，代谢异常者膳食多样化得分较低[(4.20±1.88)vs.(4.51±1.97), P=0.010]，其畜禽肉、鱼虾、蛋、奶及奶制品的摄入较低。控制混杂因素后，与膳食多样化得分最低的肥胖者相比，得分最高者患代谢异常的风险降低38%(OR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.40~0.96)，膳食多样化得分每增加一个单位，肥胖者的代谢异常风险降低10% (OR=0.90, 95%CI: 0.82~0.99)，这种关联在女性和强体力活动的肥胖人群中更明显。结论膳食多样化增加与成年肥胖人群代谢异常风险减少有关联。采取多样化膳食可能是预防和控制肥胖人群代谢异常的重要营养干预措施。
- 膳食多样化 /
- 代谢异常 /
- 代谢表型 /
- 肥胖
Abstract: Objective To investigate the association between dietary diversity and metabolic phenotypes of obesity in obese adults in Xi'an. Methods Data were from the baseline survey of Xi'an urban population in the northwest natural population cohort. A total of 1 069 obese participants assessed by BMI≥ 28 kg/m² with blood samples were selected for analysis. Metabolic phenotypes of obesity were defined based on the metabolic syndrome by Joint Interim Statement criteria. By referring to the evaluation rules of dietary diversity score and the Chinese dietary guidelines the index for dietary diversity was establish. Logistic regression model was used to explore the association between dietary diversity and metabolic phenotypes of obesity. Results There were gender differences in dietary diversity. The total dietary diversity score of obesity participants with different metabolic phenotypes was significantly different. Compared with metabolically healthy obesity, the total dietary diversity score of participants with metabolically unhealthy obesity was lower [(4.20±1.88)vs.(4.51±1.97), P=0.010], mainly reflecting lower intake of meat, poultry, fish, eggs and dairy. After controlling for confounding factors, the participants with the highest score had a 38% lower risk of metabolic abnormalities compared to those with the lowest dietary diversity score (OR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.40-0.96). For each unit increase in dietary diversity score, the risk of metabolic abnormalities in obese people decreased by 10% (OR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.82-0.99), and this association was more obvious in women and strong metabolite equivalents obese people. Conclusions Increased dietary diversity may be associated with reduced risk of metabolic abnormalities in obese adults. Adopting diversified diet may be an important nutritional intervention to prevent and control metabolic abnormalities in obese people.
- Dietary diversity /
- Metabolic disorder /
- Metabolic phenotypes /
- Obesity

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图 1 人群膳食多样化与肥胖代谢表型关联的亚组分析

注：图1A：BMI≥28 kg/m²；图1B：BMI≥25 kg/m²。

Figure 1. Subgroup analysis of the association of dietary diversity and obesity metabolic phenotypes in the population

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表 1 研究对象的基本特征(x±s)

Table 1. Basic characteristics of the research object (x±s)

变量	总人群膳食多样化得分			t/χ²值	P值	肥胖代谢表型		t/χ²值	P值
变量	T1(最低)(n=353)	T2(n=413)	T3(最高)(n=303)	t/χ²值	P值	MHO(n=417)	MUO(n=652)	t/χ²值	P值
年龄(岁)	39.1±11.9	40.7±13.3	39.3±12.7	0.28	0.778	38.4±12.3	40.6±12.8	2.89	0.004
男性[n(%)]	298(84.4)	302(73.1)	237(78.2)	14.29	0.001	330(79.1)	507(77.8)	0.28	0.594
BMI(kg/m²)	30.3±2.2	30.3±2.2	30.1±1.9	-1.28	0.200	29.9±1.9	30.4±2.2	3.94	＜0.001
吸烟^a[n(%)]	167(48.0)	166(40.4)	120(39.7)	5.96	0.051	170(41.0)	283(43.8)	0.84	0.361
体力活动^b(Met-h/day)	30.2(25.4, 35.1)	30.5(25.0, 36.8)	33.5(27.9, 40.7)	3.35	0.001	32.1(26.3, 38.2)	30.6(25.3, 36.4)	-2.17	0.031
SES	18.4±3.3	18.3±3.3	18.8±3.1	1.47	0.143	18.9±3.1	18.3±3.3	-3.03	0.003
WC(cm)	97.3±7.1	97.5±6.8	97.7±7.7	0.54	0.592	96.6±7.0	98.0±7.3	2.34	0.020
FPG(mmol/L)	5.1±1.2	5.2±1.7	5.1±1.4	-0.08	0.936	4.7±0.5	5.4±1.8	7.40	＜0.001
TG(mmol/L)	2.2±1.5	2.1±1.4	2.1±1.4	-1.20	0.231	1.4±0.6	2.6±1.6	14.47	＜0.001
HDL-C(mmol/L)	1.1±0.2	1.1±0.2	1.1±0.3	2.31	0.021	1.2±0.2	1.0±0.2	-15.28	＜0.001
SBP(mm Hg)	131.4±14.7	130.7±14.8	128.0±14.6	-2.90	0.004	124.4±13.3	133.9±14.5	10.80	＜0.001
DBP(mm Hg)	86.2±11.6	85.0±11.8	83.5±11.8	-2.96	0.003	80.0±10.4	88.2±11.6	11.69	＜0.001
注：^a该指标存在缺失值；^b该指标为[M(P₂₅, P₇₅)]。

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表 2 不同肥胖代谢表型的人群膳食多样化得分情况

Table 2. Dietary diversity scores of people with different obesity metabolic phenotypes

食物类别	MHO(n=417)		MUO (n=652)		t值	P值
食物类别	M	s_x值	M	s_x值	t值	P值
谷类薯类及杂豆	0.86	0.35	0.85	0.35	0.26	0.795
蔬菜类	0.88	0.33	0.87	0.33	0.29	0.777
水果类	0.68	0.47	0.65	0.48	0.85	0.394
畜禽肉类	0.55	0.50	0.49	0.50	2.09	0.037
鱼虾类	0.10	0.30	0.06	0.24	2.13	0.042
蛋类	0.54	0.50	0.48	0.50	2.05	0.041
奶类及奶制品	0.44	0.50	0.37	0.48	2.31	0.022
大豆类及坚果	0.46	0.50	0.43	0.49	1.17	0.243
膳食多样化总分	4.51	1.97	4.20	1.88	2.58	0.010

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表 3 膳食多样化与肥胖代谢表型之间的关联性分析

Table 3. Correlation analysis between dietary diversity and metabolic phenotypes of obesity

模型	膳食多样化得分[M(P₂₅, P₇₅)]			P_趋势值
模型	T1 (最低)	T2	T3 (最高)	P_趋势值
MUO/总人数	226/353	264/413	162/303
模型1 ^a	1.00(参照)	0.97 (0.74, 1.34)	0.65 (0.47, 0.88)	0.007
模型2 ^b	1.00(参照)	0.98 (0.73, 1.32)	0.64 (0.47, 0.88)	0.006
模型3 ^c	1.00(参照)	1.19 (0.79, 1.80)	0.60 (0.39, 0.93)	0.022
模型4 ^d	1.00(参照)	1.21 (0.80, 1.84)	0.62 (0.40, 0.96)	0.025
注：^a模型1：未调整模型；^b模型2：调整年龄、性别因素；^c模型3：调整年龄、性别、吸烟、METs及SES；^d模型4：调整年龄、性别、吸烟、METs、SES及BMI。

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