2010-2020年广州市人群疾病负担分析

席俊彦; 董航; 林晓; 张艳霞; 陈远源; 秦鹏哲; 梁伯衡; 郝元涛

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2023.01.017

2010-2020年广州市人群疾病负担分析

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2023.01.017

席俊彦¹,
董航²,
林晓¹,
张艳霞³,
陈远源^{2, 4, 5, 6},
秦鹏哲²,
梁伯衡^2, ,,
郝元涛^1, ,

1.
510080 广州，中山大学公共卫生学院医学统计学系
2.
510440 广州，广州市疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制部
3.
510630 广州，中山大学附属第三医院科研科
4.
100191 北京，北京大学公众健康与重大疫情防控战略研究中心
5.
510080 广州，中山大学全球卫生研究中心
6.
510080 广州，中山大学卫生信息研究中心

席俊彦和董航为共同第一作者

基金项目:

中国博士后科学基金会 2021M693594

广东省基础与应用基础研究基金 2020A1515011294

广东省基础与应用基础研究基金 2021A1515011765

广东省基础与应用基础研究基金 2020A1515110230

详细信息

通讯作者:
梁伯衡，E-mail：14627462@qq.com

郝元涛，E-mail：haoyt@bjmu.edu.cn

中图分类号: R195.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-02-18
- 修回日期: 2022-06-05
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-09
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-10

Analysis of disease burden in Guangzhou, 2010-2020

1.
Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
2.
Department of Chronic Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
3.
Department of Science and Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
4.
Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
5.
Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
6.
Center for Health Information Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China

XI Jun-yan and DONG Hang contributed equally to the article

Funds:

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2021M693594

Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation 2020A1515011294

Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation 2021A1515011765

Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation 2020A1515110230

More Information

Corresponding author: LIANG Bo-heng, E-mail: 14627462@qq.com; HAO Yuan-tao, E-mail: haoyt@bjmu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 目的评价2010-2020年广州市人群疾病负担的变化趋势，分析其性别和年龄差异。方法使用2010-2020年广州市死因监测数据和人口学数据测算伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life years, DALY)，Joinpoint回归分析模型分析DALY的变化趋势。结果 2020年广州市男女粗死亡率分别为640.87/10万人和464.49/10万人，主要死因为心血管疾病、肿瘤和慢性呼吸道疾病。2010-2020年，男性心血管疾病上升为疾病负担首位，肌肉骨骼疾病、皮肤和皮下疾病、意外伤害和营养不良的疾病负担顺位上升。女性心血管疾病保持疾病负担首位，肌肉骨骼疾病、营养不良、神经失调、意外伤害、皮肤和皮下疾病的疾病负担顺位上升。男性和女性的总DALY基本保持不变，但粗率和中标率呈下降趋势。不同年龄组的疾病负担顺位有所差异。结论 2010-2020年广州市疾病负担以非传染性疾病为主，不同性别和年龄人群的疾病负担模式具有各自特征。应结合城市层面的主要健康问题，探明危险因素，针对重点人群疾病制定有效的预防控制策略。
- 疾病负担 /
- 疾病监测 /
- 伤残调整寿命年 /
- 死亡率 /
- 非传染性疾病
Abstract: Objective To evaluate the trend of disease burden in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2020, and to analyze gender and age differences. Methods The disability-adjusted life years (DALY) was calculated using cause-of-death surveillance data and demographic data from 2010 to 2020 in Guangzhou, and the trend of DALY was analyzed using the Joinpoint regression model. Results In 2020, the crude death rates of males and females in Guangzhou were 640.87 and 464.49 per 100 000, respectively, mainly due to cardiovascular diseases, neoplasms, and chronic respiratory diseases. From 2010 to 2020, cardiovascular diseases rose to the top cause of the disease burden in males, while the orders of musculoskeletal disorders, skin and subcutaneous diseases, unintentional injuries, and nutritional deficiencies have risen. Cardiovascular diseases remained the first cause of the disease burden in females, while the orders of musculoskeletal disorders, nutritional deficiencies, neurological disorders, unintentional injuries, skin and subcutaneous diseases have risen. The total DALY of males and females was unchanged, but the crude rate and age-standardized rate decreased. The order of disease burden varied among different age groups. Conclusions From 2010 to 2020, the disease burden in Guangzhou is dominated by non-communicable diseases, and the disease burden patterns of different genders and age groups have their characteristics. Risk factors should be identified based on main health problems at the urban level, and effective prevention and control strategies should be formulated for the diseases of key populations.
- Burden of disease /
- Disease surveillance /
- Disability-adjusted life years /
- Death rate /
- Non-communicable diseases

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图 1 2010-2020年广州市人群按原因分组的疾病负担变化情况

Figure 1. Changes in disease burden by cause in Guangzhou City, 2010-2020

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表 1 2020年广州市人群死亡情况

Table 1. Mortality in Guangzhou City in 2020

死因	男性			女性
	死亡数[n(%)]	死亡率(/10万)		死亡数[n(%)]	死亡率(/10万)
	死亡数[n(%)]	粗率	中标率	死亡数[n(%)]	粗率	中标率
HIV/AIDS和性传播疾病	58(0.18)	1.19	0.95	8(0.03)	0.16	0.22
呼吸道感染和肺结核	582(1.86)	11.90	7.94	357(1.55)	7.20	7.04
肠道感染	41(0.13)	0.84	0.64	29(0.13)	0.58	0.74
热带病和疟疾	11(0.04)	0.22	0.15	8(0.03)	0.16	0.18
产妇和新生儿疾病	64(0.20)	1.31	1.50	47(0.20)	0.95	2.33
营养不良	276(0.88)	5.64	3.59	498(2.16)	10.04	8.49
肿瘤	9 580(30.55)	195.81	132.13	5 727(24.87)	115.50	139.43
心血管疾病	11 720(37.38)	239.55	157.42	10 822(46.99)	218.25	209.27
慢性呼吸道疾病	4 071(12.98)	83.21	53.60	1 573(6.83)	31.72	28.82
消化道疾病	1 210(3.86)	24.73	16.76	811(3.52)	16.36	16.08
神经失调	259(0.83)	5.29	3.82	306(1.33)	6.17	6.98
精神障碍	14(0.04)	0.29	0.20	9(0.04)	0.18	0.14
物质滥用	58(0.18)	1.19	0.95	0(0.00)	0.00	0.00
糖尿病和肾脏病	1 220(3.89)	24.94	16.61	1 021(4.43)	20.59	22.27
皮肤和皮下疾病	41(0.13)	0.84	0.55	51(0.22)	1.03	0.98
肌肉骨骼疾病	55(0.18)	1.12	0.79	113(0.49)	2.28	2.81
交通伤害	382(1.22)	7.81	6.57	173(0.75)	3.49	5.38
自残和人际暴力	432(1.38)	8.83	7.94	254(1.10)	5.12	8.58
意外伤害	965(3.08)	19.72	14.36	893(3.88)	18.01	19.84
其他传染性疾病	49(0.16)	1.00	0.78	36(0.16)	0.73	1.14
其他非传染性疾病	267(0.85)	5.46	4.16	296(1.29)	5.97	8.36
合计	31 355(100.00)	640.87	431.41	23 032(100.00)	464.49	242.48

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表 2 2010-2020年广州市人群按年龄分组的疾病负担情况

Table 2. Disease burden by age group in Guangzhou City, 2010-2020

年龄组(岁)	绝对数量/率			2010-2020年平均年度变化百分比(%)
	DALY(%)	DALY率(人年/千)		DALY(%)	DALY率(人年/千)
	DALY(%)	粗率	中标率	DALY(%)	粗率	中标率
男性
0~＜10	31 108.10(3.01)	41.00	40.68	-4.0(-5.4~-2.5)	-11.2(-12.8~-9.6)	-11.3(-12.9~-9.7)
10~＜25	30 224.42(2.93)	41.44	43.04	-7.2(-9.3~-5.0)	-4.8(-6.9~-2.8)	-4.6(-6.8~-2.5)
25~＜50	190 141.40(18.42)	99.85	103.04	-3.2(-4.0~-2.3)	-4.1(-4.8~-3.4)	-4.0(-4.7~-3.4)
50~＜75	541 585.80(52.46)	418.52	408.80	2.4(2.0~2.8)	-1.5(-2.5~-0.5)	-1.6(-1.9~-1.2)
≥75	259 123.70(25.10)	944.87	826.67	2.7(2.2~3.2)	-0.1(-0.6~0.3)	-0.7(-1.2~-0.3)
合计	1 032 432.00(100.00)	211.02	183.49	0.5(0.2~0.8)	-1.3(-1.7~-0.9)	-2.6(-2.9~-2.3)
女性
0~＜10	19 669.36(2.37)	29.85	29.52	-4.0(-6.5~-1.5)	-11.3(-13.7~-9.0)	-11.5(-13.8~-9.1)
10~＜25	36 033.67(4.34)	56.19	57.91	-4.5(-6.9~-2.1)	-1.5(-3.7~0.8)	-1.1(-3.4~1.1)
25~＜50	186 594.70(22.50)	91.43	93.58	-0.8(-1.4~-0.2)	-2.7(-3.4~-2.0)	-2.6(-3.3~-1.9)
50~＜75	327 892.70(39.54)	244.11	236.15	1.9(1.3~2.4)	-2.0(-2.4~-1.5)	-2.3(-2.8~-1.8)
≥75	259 123.70(31.25)	944.87	826.67	3.1(2.2~4.0)	0.1(-0.4~0.6)	-0.7(-1.7~0.2)
合计	829 314.10(100.00)	167.25	134.44	0.9(0.6~1.2)	-1.2(-1.9~-0.6)	-2.5(-2.9~-2.1)

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表 3 2020年广州市人群按年龄分组的疾病负担顺位(%)

Table 3. Orders of disease burden by age group of Guangzhou City in 2020 (%)

年龄组(岁)	1	2	3	4	5
男性
0~＜10	产妇和新生儿疾(26.02)	意外伤害(16.06)	神经失调(7.21)	肠道感染(7.06)	肿瘤(6.56)
10~＜25	营养不良(24.24)	自残和人际暴力(17.43)	神经失调(11.89)	交通伤害(10.03)	肿瘤(7.53)
25~＜50	肌肉骨骼疾病(26.03)	肿瘤(14.71)	心血管疾病(11.17)	皮肤和皮下疾病(8.89)	神经失调(5.07)
50~＜75	肿瘤(29.46)	心血管疾病(23.57)	肌肉骨骼疾病(8.77)	糖尿病和肾脏病(5.77)	慢性呼吸道疾病(5.37)
≥75	心血管疾病(37.81)	肿瘤(17.83)	慢性呼吸道疾病(17.74)	糖尿病和肾脏病(4.34)	意外伤害(4.12)
女性
0~＜10	营养不良(22.12)	产妇和新生儿疾(19.59)	意外伤害(12.06)	肿瘤(7.92)	肠道感染(5.28)
10~＜25	神经失调(29.65)	营养不良(17.66)	自残和人际暴力(8.13)	肌肉骨骼疾病(7.71)	慢性呼吸道疾病(6.16)
25~＜50	肌肉骨骼疾病(28.60)	肿瘤(13.31)	营养不良(11.88)	神经失调(8.57)	心血管疾病(4.23)
50~＜75	肌肉骨骼疾病(20.91)	肿瘤(20.40)	心血管疾病(13.83)	精神障碍(6.57)	产妇和新生儿疾病(6.31)
≥75	心血管疾病(44.40)	肿瘤(11.46)	慢性呼吸道疾病(7.48)	肌肉骨骼疾病(5.55)	意外伤害(5.54)

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