优化公共卫生硕士培养模式，提升岗位胜任力的实践路径研究

沈敏; 周丹; 贾记锋; 陈秋生; 潘安

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2023.03.011

优化公共卫生硕士培养模式，提升岗位胜任力的实践路径研究

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2023.03.011

沈敏¹,
周丹¹,
贾记锋²,
陈秋生¹,
潘安^1, ,

1.
430030 武汉，华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院
2.
430030 武汉，华中科技大学医学研究生处

基金项目:

中国科学技术协会资助 20200608CG111313

华中科技大学研究生教学研究项目 MS012

详细信息

通讯作者:
潘安，E-mail: panan@hust.edu.cn

中图分类号: G643
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- HTML全文浏览量: 140
- PDF下载量: 32
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-09
- 修回日期: 2022-10-25
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-04
- 刊出日期: 2023-03-10

Practical path of optimizing the training model of master in public health and improving job competency

1.
School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
2.
Department of Medical Postgraduates, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China

Funds:

China Association for Science and Technology 20200608CG111313

Teaching Research Project of Postgraduate, Huazhong University of Science and Technology MS012

More Information

Corresponding author: PAN An, E-mail: panan@hust.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 目的分析公共卫生硕士(master of public health, MPH)毕业后的岗位胜任力情况，为优化公共卫生人才培养模式提供科学依据。方法自制岗位胜任力问卷，回顾调查2016―2020年MPH培养模式中选修课程、专业实践及学位论文等内容，综合分析MPH培养模式与毕业入职后岗位胜任力之间的关系。结果共调查69人，其中53人从事公共卫生相关工作，平均年龄为(37.5±2.3)岁，平均工作年限为(2.0±1.6)年。学院MPH培养方案在课程设置上基本满足公共卫生岗位胜任力的需求，但需在专业实践的时间和方式等方面改进，以提高MPH毕业后岗位胜任力。结论加强核心课程建设，夯实专业实践环节，强化科教卫协同培养，是提升公共卫生人才岗位胜任力的主要途径。
- 公共卫生硕士 /
- 培养模式 /
- 岗位胜任力
Abstract: Objective To understand the job competencies among graduates of master of public health (MPH) in health-related work experience, and provide evidences for revising MPH training model. Methods The job competencies after graduation and previous training experiences during the MPH study period were surveyed by an self-made questionnaire. Details about the coursework, pattern of public health practice and dissertation study were included in the survey and data analysis. Results A total of 69 graduates were enrolled in the survey, 53 of them have been currently working in public health. The average age was (37.5±2.3) years old, and the average working years was (2.0±1.6) years. The curriculum was satisfied with the need of job competencies, but the pattern and duration of public health practice should be increased and standardized in future training program of MPH. Conclusions Strengthening the core curriculum, upgrading the procedure of public health practice and deepening the cooperation with public health sectors are needed to improve the job competencies of MPH.
- Master of public health /
- Training program /
- Job competency

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表 1 53名MPH毕业生的基本特征及岗位能力需求状况

Table 1. Characteristics and job competency status of 53 MPH graduates

基本特征	[n(%)]
毕业年份(年)
2018年及以前	13(24.5)
2019―2020	18(34.0)
2020―2021	22(41.5)
性别
男	14(26.4)
女	39(73.6)
年龄组(岁)
23~＜26	8(15.1)
26~＜31	40(75.5)
31~＜36	5(9.4)
工作年限(年)
＜1	15(28.3)
1~＜5	33(62.3)
≥5	5(9.4)
工作岗位
公共卫生科/慢性病传染病管理	21(39.6)
保健与健康教育	12(22.6)
信息管理/数据分析	8(15.1)
行政管理	6(11.3)
科研/教学	6(11.3)
岗位能力需求(可多选)
数据分析与评估	40(75.5)
沟通与交流	40(75.5)
公共卫生科学专业知识	34(64.2)
职业素养	26(49.1)
项目规划与管理改进	17(32.1)
文化能力	16(30.2)
社区公共卫生	16(30.2)
政策和法律	12(22.6)
财务规划与管理	3(5.7)
其他	4(7.6)
岗位能力胜任情况(自评)
是	48(90.6)
否/不确定	5(9.4)

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表 2 53名MPH毕业生工作期间岗位能力提升状况

Table 2. Improvement status of 53 MPH graduates in their work

所在单位岗位能力提升状况	[n(%)]
是否提供足够的岗位能力培训
是	41(77.36)
否	12(22.64)
提升岗位能力的途径(多选)
日常工作经验积累	44(83.00)
进修/参加培训	48(90.57)
本单位上级专家指导	28(52.83)
上级单位指导培训	23(43.39)
考博/学历提升	12(22.64)

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表 3 53名MPH毕业生认为对岗位胜任力有帮助的课程(多选)

Table 3. Courses that 53 MPH graduates thought helpful for job competencies (Multi-choice)

课程名称	[n(%)]
卫生统计学/多元统计学	45(84.91)
医学科研论文写作	27(50.94)
SAS在医学统计中的应用	26(49.06)
流行病学原理与方法	26(49.06)
现场流行病学	18(33.96)
队列研究的原理与方法	18(33.96)

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表 4 培养期间参加专业实践与学位论文与毕业后岗胜任力的关系

Table 4. Relationship between public health practicing and dissertation studying and job competencies

专业实践和学位论文特征	总人数	岗位胜任力好[n(%)]	P值^a
参加专业实践			0.010
是	40	39(97.5)
否	13	9(69.2)
专业实践计划			0.019
有	34	34(100.0)
无	6	4(66.7)
实践对工作后岗位胜任力有无帮助(自评)			＜0.001
有	49	48(98.0)
无	4	1(25.0)
学位论文选题			0.005
自选	20	15(75.0)
导师指定	33	33(100.0)
学位论文来源			0.658
国家级课题	28	26(92.8)
省部级课题及其他	25	22(88.0)
学位论文研究内容			1.000
基于人群或人群和实验相结合的研究	41	37(90.2)
基于实验数据的研究	12	11(91.7)
学位论文是否具有实践意义			0.336
是	49	45(91.8)
否	4	3(75.0)
学位论文对毕业后的工作			0.155
有帮助	37	35(94.6)
无帮助	16	13(81.2)
学位论文对提高岗位能力有无帮助(自评)			1.000
对岗位胜任力有帮助	51	46(90.2)
对岗位胜任力没有帮助	2	2(100.0)
合计	53	48(90.6)
注：^a采用Fisher’s确切概率法。

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