内蒙古地区35~75岁人群肥胖指标对高血压患病的预测效果

冯雪辉; 方鑫; 张谦; 夏远; 徐肖倩

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2023.07.009

内蒙古地区35~75岁人群肥胖指标对高血压患病的预测效果

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2023.07.009

冯雪辉¹,
方鑫²,
张谦³,
夏远⁴,
徐肖倩^2, ,

1.
内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院预防医学系，呼和浩特 010110
2.
内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院环境与职业卫生学教研室，呼和浩特 010110
3.
内蒙古医科大学药学院新药安全评价研究中心，呼和浩特 010110
4.
内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院预防医学实验中心，呼和浩特 010110

基金项目:

内蒙古自治区自治区高校科研 NJZY22620

内蒙古医科大学面上 YKD2022MS062

详细信息

通讯作者:
徐肖倩，E-mail: xxq20100@163.com

中图分类号: R181.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-06
- 修回日期: 2023-01-16
- 网络出版日期: 2023-08-08
- 刊出日期: 2023-07-10

Predictive effect of obesity indexes on hypertension in people aged 35-75 years in Inner Mongolia

1.
Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
2.
Department of Environment and Occupational Hygiene, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
3.
Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation, School of PharmacyInner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
4.
Experimental Center of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China

Funds:

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region University Research NJZY22620

General Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University YKD2022MS062

More Information

Corresponding author: XU Xiaoqian, E-mail: xxq20100@163.com

摘要

摘要: 目的比较9个肥胖指标单独和联合使用对高血压患病风险的预测效果。方法基于内蒙古地区“心血管病高危人群早期筛查与综合干预”项目初筛数据，通过logistic回归分析模型分析肥胖指标对高血压患病的影响，并采用受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operator characteristic, ROC)分析预测高血压患病风险的效果。结果本研究共纳入48 570名35~75岁人群。调整混杂因素后，男性人群中体格指数(ponderal index，PI)每增加1个s对高血压患病增加的风险最高(OR=1.529, 95% CI: 1.476~1.584)，而女性(OR=1.432, 95% CI: 1.395~1.470)和全人群(OR=1.473, 95% CI: 1.443~1.503)均受体质指数(body mass index，BMI)影响最大。BMI预测高血压患病风险的曲线下面积(area under the curve，AUC)最大为0.665，而BMI和脂质蓄积指数(lipid accumulation product index, LAP)联合预测的AUC为0.668，仅增加0.45%。BMI预测高血压的切点值为25.7 kg/m²。结论 BMI预测高血压患病风险的效果最好，应采取措施将BMI控制在25.7 kg/m²以下。
- 肥胖指标 /
- 高血压 /
- 受试者工作特征曲线
Abstract: Objective To compare the predictive effect of nine obesity indicators alone and in combination on the risk of hypertension. Methods Primary screening data collected in the baseline survey of "Early Screening and Comprehensive Intervention Project for High Risk Groups of Cardiovascular Diseases" was analyzed. The logistics regression was used to analyze the influence of obesity indicators on the prevalence of HTN, And the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to predict the effect of the risk of HTN. Results A total of 48 570 people aged 35-75 years were included in this study. After adjusting for confounding factors, each increase in standard deviation in PI of the male population had the highest risk of increased prevalence of hypertension (OR=1.529, 95% CI: 1.476-1.584), while the female population (OR=1.432, 95% CI: 1.395-1.470) and the whole population (OR=1.473, 95% CI: 1.443-1.503) had the highest BMI effect. The maximum area under the curve (AUC) for predicting the risk of HTN by BMI was 0.665, while the AUC for the combined prediction of BMI and LAP was 0.668, with an increase of only 0.45%. The optimal cut off value for BMI was 25.7 kg/m². Conclusions BMI is the most effective in predicting the risk of HTN, and measures should be taken to control BMI below 25.7 kg/m².
- Obesity index /
- Hypertension /
- Receiver operating characteristic curve

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图 1 周围型肥胖指标与中心型肥胖指标联合预测高血压患病的ROC曲线结果分析

1. BMI: 体质指数；2. WC: 腰围；3. WHtR: 腰高比；4. PI: 体格指数；5. CI: 锥度指数；6. ABSI：身体形态指数；7. BRI: 身体圆度指数；8. LAP: 脂质蓄积指数；9. VAI: 内脏脂肪指数；10. AUC: 曲线下面积。

Figure 1. The ROC Curve result analysis of overall obesity index and central obesity index in predicting hypertension

1. BMI: body mass index; 2. WC: waist circumference; 3. WHtR: waist height ratio; 4. PI: ponderal index; 5. CI: conicity index; 6. ABSI: a body shape index; 7. BRI: body roundness index; 8. LAP: lipid accumulation product index; 9. VAI: visceral adiposity index; 10. AUC: area under the curvex.

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表 1 不同特征组间高血压患病情况比较

Table 1. Comparison of hypertension prevalence among groups with different characteristics

分组 Grouping	男性 Male		女性 Female		合计 Total
分组 Grouping	人数(占比/%) Number of people (proportion/%)	P值 P value	人数(占比/%) Number of people (proportion/%)	P值 P value	人数(占比/%) Number of people (proportion/%)	P值 P value
合计 Total	8 291(40.4)		9 784(34.9)		18 075(37.2)
年龄组/岁 Age group/years		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
35~ < 45	1 257(31.1)		1 193(19.2)		2 450(23.9)
45~ < 55	2 592(38.3)		3 532(32.6)		6 124(34.8)
55~ < 65	2 957(44.5)		3 508(42.8)		6 465(43.6)
65~75	1 485(48.0)		1 551(55.7)		3 036(51.7)
民族 Nationality		< 0.001		< 0.001		0.709
汉族 Han	7 332(39.9)		8 720(35.2)		16 042(37.2)
蒙族 Mongol	827(44.6)		908(33.3)		1 735(37.9)
其他 Other minority ethnic	134(44.2)		148(31.4)		282(36.4)
地区 Area		0.794		0.008		0.010
城市 Rural	2 395(40.2)		3 057(33.8)		5 452(36.4)
农村 Urban	5 896(40.4)		6 727(35.4)		12 623(37.6)
在婚 Married		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
是 Yes	7 592(39.6)		8 636(34.2)		16 228(36.5)
否 No	699(50.8)		1 148(41.3)		1 847(44.5)
农民 Farmer		0.109		< 0.001		< 0.001
是 Yes	3 836(39.8)		4 984(37.8)		8 820(38.6)
否 No	4 455(40.9)		4 800(32.4)		9 255(36.0)
教育水平 Educational level		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
高中以下 Below high school	6 222(79.8)		6 444(61.4)		12 666(69.8)
高中及以上 High school and above	1 450(43.3)		1 867(36.7)		3 317(39.3)
家庭年收入/元 Annual household income/yuan		0.258		0.002		< 0.001
< 50 000	7 325(40.2)		8 867(35.5)		16 111(37.5)
≥50 000	1 056(41.4)		908(30.1)		1 964(35.3)
具有医疗保险 Health insurance		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
是 Yes	7 093(39.5)		8 324(34.6)		15 417(36.7)
否 No	1 198(46.2)		1 460(36.5)		2 658(40.3)
吸烟 Smoking		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
是 Yes	3 823(36.8)		661(31.0)		4 484(35.8)
否 No	4 468(43.9)		9 123(35.3)		13 591(37.7)
饮酒 Drinking		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
是 Yes	4 757(43.5)		900(33.2)		5 657(41.4)
否 No	3 451(36.6)		8 795(35.1)		12 246(35.5)
糖尿病 Diabetes mellitus		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
是 Yes	1 824(50.3)		1 913(46.6)		3 737(48.3)
否 No	6 467(38.2)		7 871(32.9)		14 338(35.1)
血脂异常 Dyslipidemia		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
是 Yes	3 276(43.8)		2 857(41.6)		6 133(42.7)
否 No	5 006(38.4)		6 923(32.8)		11 929(34.9)

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表 2 控制混杂因素后肥胖指标对高血压患病影响的logistic回归分析模型

Table 2. Adjusted binary logistic regression model analysis of the impact of obesity indicators on hypertension

肥胖指标 Obesity indicators	Q1 OR值(95% CI) Q1 OR value (95% CI)	Q2 OR值(95% CI) Q2 OR value (95% CI)	Q3 OR值(95% CI) Q3 OR value (95% CI)	Q4 OR值(95% CI) Q4 OR value (95% CI)	Q5 OR值(95% CI) Q5 OR value (95% CI)	s OR值(95% CI) s OR value (95% CI)
男性 Male
WC	1.000	0.875(0.750~1.021)	0.860(0.699~1.058)	0.823(0.642~1.055)	0.866(0.651~1.152)	1.356(1.313~1.400) ^①
WHtR	1.000	0.940(0.677~1.305)	0.836(0.573~1.220)	0.909(0.597~1.385)	0.903(0.575~1.418)	1.384(1.339~1.430) ^①
BMI	1.000	1.202(1.047~1.381)	1.321(1.092~1.597) ^②	1.486(1.176~1.877) ^①	1.744(1.319~2.306) ^①	1.519(1.469~1.570) ^①
PI	1.000	1.245(1.088~1.425) ^①	1.313(1.095~1.576) ^①	1.448(1.157~1.813) ^①	1.645(1.253~2.159) ^①	1.529(1.476~1.584) ^①
CI	1.000	1.298(1.095~1.538) ^①	1.191(0.945~1.502)	1.279(0.962~1.701)	1.224(0.873~1.717)	1.102(1.069~1.137) ^①
ABSI	1.000	0.955(0.820~1.111)	0.933(0.769~1.133)	0.947(0.755~1.188)	0.901(0.686~1.182)	0.986(0.956~1.060)
BRI	1.000	1.091(1.791~1.504)	1.178(0.817~1.699)	0.989(1.656~1.491)	0.907(0.585~1.405)	1.376(1.332~1.422) ^①
LAP	1.000	1.274(1.123~1.444) ^①	1.424(1.213~1.670) ^①	1.916(1.582~2.320) ^①	2.592(2.058~3.264) ^①	1.400(1.352~1.349) ^①
VAI	1.000	0.898(0.814~0.990)	0.753(0.667~0.849) ^①	0.695(0.596~0.810) ^①	0.626(0.514~0.764) ^①	1.174(1.129~1.220) ^①
女性 Female
WC	1.000	0.928(0.825~1.054)	1.000(0.853~1.174)	1.035(0.847~1.264)	1.040(0.817~1.325)	1.363(1.325~1.402) ^①
WHtR	1.000	0.918(0.643~1.309)	1.007(0.682~1.486)	1.168(0.765~1.783)	1.339(0.856~2.095)	1.374(1.338~1.411) ^①
BMI	1.000	0.974(0.852~1.113)	0.929(0.779~1.108)	0.901(0.729~1.114)	0.964(0.750~1.240)	1.432(1.395~1.470) ^①
PI	1.000	1.146(1.002~1.311)	1.304(1.095~1.553) ^①	1.524(1.236~1.878) ^①	1.755(1.371~2.248) ^①	1.422(1.386~1.460) ^①
CI	1.000	0.951(0.839~1.079)	0.892(0.745~1.068)	0.878(0.698~1.105)	0.785(0.588~1.047)	1.134(1.104~1.165) ^①
ABSI	1.000	1.046(0.935~1.171)	1.031(0.886~1.201)	1.046(0.871~1.256)	0.934(0.741~1.176)	1.013(0.897~1.041)
BRI	1.000	1.272(0.891~1.814)	1.350(0.918~1.984)	1.199(0.787~1.827)	1.221(0.750~1.910)	1.358(1.323~1.394) ^①
LAP	1.000	1.147(1.018~1.291) ^②	1.333(1.151~1.544) ^①	1.513(1.272~1.801) ^①	1.774(1.441~2.184) ^①	1.348(1.305~1.392) ^①
VAI	1.000	0.995(0.901~1.099)	0.933(0.835~1.043)	0.818(0.720~0.929) ^②	0.826(0.707~0.966)	1.134(1.099~1.170) ^①
合计 Total
WC	1.000	0.960(0.879~1.049)	1.057(0.943~1.185)	1.099(0.954~1.266)	1.201(1.015~1.423)	1.371(1.343~1.399) ^①
WHtR	1.000	0.961(0.757~1.219)	0.954(0.730~1.245)	1.070(0.798~1.434)	1.106(0.810~1.510)	1.384(1.357~1.413) ^①
BMI	1.000	1.096 0.998~1.212)	1.160(1.027~1.311)	1.247(1.075~1.448) ^①	1.451(1.212~1.736) ^①	1.473(1.443~1.503) ^①
PI	1.000	1.189(1.086~1.303) ^①	1.258(1.118~1.416) ^①	1.369(1.185~1.581) ^①	1.479(1.241~1.763) ^①	1.433(1.404~1.462) ^①
CI	1.000	1.089(0.985~1.203)	1.024(0.890~1.179)	1.052(0.882~1.255)	0.970(0.781~1.205)	1.139(1.116~1.161) ^①
ABSI	1.000	1.033(0.970~1.150)	1.013(0.930~1.170)	1.025(0.920~1.220)	0.935(0.810~1.140)	1.018(0.998~1.038)
BRI	1.000	1.109(1.876~1.403)	1.144(0.883~1.482)	0.972(1.730~1.295)	0.926(0.683~1.254)	1.371(1.344~1.399) ^①
LAP	1.000	1.146(1.056~1.245) ^①	1.293(1.166~1.434) ^①	1.562(1.381~1.767) ^①	1.928(1.663~2.236) ^①	1.377(1.345~1.409) ^①
VAI	1.000	0.941(0.878~1.080)	0.857(0.786~0.922) ^①	0.764(0.695~0.840) ^①	0.727(0.645~0.820) ^①	1.144(1.114~1.171) ^①
注：BMI, 体质指数; WC, 腰围; WHtR, 腰高比; PI, 体格指数; CI, 锥度指数; ABSI：身体形态指数; BRI, 身体圆度指数; LAP, 脂质蓄积指数; VAI, 内脏脂肪指数; Q, 五分位数。① P < 0.001。② P < 0.05。 Note: BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; WHtR, waist height ratio; PI, ponderal index; CI, conicity index; ABSI, a body shape index; BRI, body roundness index; LAP, lipid accumulation product index; VAI, visceral adiposity index; Q, quintile.① P < 0.001. ② P < 0.05.

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表 3 各项肥胖指标预测高血压患病的ROC曲线分析

Table 3. ROC curve analysis of obesity indicators in predicting hypertension

肥胖指标 Obesity indicators	AUC (95% CI)	切点值 Cutoff value	灵敏度 Sensitivity	特异度 Specificity	约登指数 Youden index	P值 P value
男性 Male
WC	0.632 (0.624~0.639)	86.500	0.599	0.528	0.127	< 0.001
WHtR	0.633 (0.625~0.641)	0.500	0.680	0.460	0.140	< 0.001
BMI	0.647 (0.640~0.655)	25.830	0.509	0.641	0.150	< 0.001
PI	0.642 (0.634~0.649)	14.660	0.654	0.500	0.155	< 0.001
CI	0.608 (0.600~0.615)	1.210	0.621	0.456	0.078	< 0.001
ABSI	0.603 (0.595~0.610)	0.075	0.785	0.255	0.041	< 0.001
BRI	0.632 (0.624~0.640)	3.472	0.670	0.471	0.140	< 0.001
LAP	0.632 (0.624~0.640)	31.900	0.450	0.635	0.132	< 0.001
VAI	0.608 (0.601~0.616)	1.630	0.407	0.666	0.073	< 0.001
女性 Female
WC	0.668 (0.661~0.674)	82.700	0.578	0.587	0.166	< 0.001
WHtR	0.671 (0.664~0.677)	0.510	0.662	0.525	0.177	< 0.001
BMI	0.676 (0.669~0.682)	25.630	0.534	0.621	0.155	< 0.001
PI	0.675 (0.669~0.682)	16.100	0.580	0.586	0.167	< 0.001
CI	0.652 (0.646~0.659)	1.200	0.575	0.554	0.129	< 0.001
ABSI	0.648 (0.642~0.655)	0.075	0.652	0.432	0.085	< 0.001
BRI	0.670 (0.664~0.677)	3.662	0.655	0.533	0.188	< 0.001
LAP	0.665 (0.658~0.671)	30.660	0.600	0.571	0.170	< 0.001
VAI	0.652 (0.645~0.658)	1.230	0.682	0.416	0.098	< 0.001
合计 Total
WC	0.655 (0.650~0.660)	82.700	0.649	0.507	0.156	< 0.001
WHtR	0.656 (0.651~0.661)	0.510	0.633	0.530	0.163	< 0.001
BMI	0.665 (0.660~0.670)	25.700	0.521	0.629	0.151	< 0.001
PI	0.660 (0.655~0.665)	15.360	0.613	0.530	0.143	< 0.001
CI	0.636 (0.631~0.641)	1.200	0.623	0.489	0.113	< 0.001
ABSI	0.631 (0.626~0.636)	0.075	0.704	0.369	0.073	< 0.001
BRI	0.655 (0.650~0.660)	3.609	0.644	0.521	0.165	< 0.001
LAP	0.651 (0.647~0.656)	30.150	0.569	0.581	0.150	< 0.001
VAI	0.634 (0.629~0.639)	1.610	0.470	0.611	0.081	< 0.001
注：BMI, 体质指数; WC, 腰围; WHtR, 腰高比; PI, 体格指数; CI, 锥度指数; ABSI：身体形态指数; BRI, 身体圆度指数; LAP, 脂质蓄积指数; VAI, 内脏脂肪指数; AUC, 曲线下面积。 Note: BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; WHtR, waist height ratio; PI, ponderal index; CI, conicity index; ABSI, a body shape index; BRI, body roundness index; LAP, lipid accumulation product index; VAI, visceral adiposity index; AUC, area under the curve.

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