南京市栖霞区2020―2022年≥65岁老年人代谢综合征患病率变化趋势

郭丽娟; 汪元元; 孙桂菊

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.01.007

南京市栖霞区2020―2022年≥65岁老年人代谢综合征患病率变化趋势

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.01.007

郭丽娟^{1, 2},
汪元元¹,
孙桂菊^1, ,

1.
东南大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系，环境医学工程教育部重点实验室，南京 210009
2.
南京市栖霞区疾病预防控制中心，南京 210046

基金项目:

国家基本公共卫生服务项目 2017YFC0907002

详细信息

通讯作者:
孙桂菊，E-mail: gjsun@seu.edu.cn

中图分类号: R589
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-12
- 修回日期: 2023-09-06
- 网络出版日期: 2024-02-05
- 刊出日期: 2024-01-10

Trends in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the ≥65 years elderly from 2020 to 2022 in Qixia District of Nanjing

GUO Lijuan^{1, 2},
WANG Yuanyuan¹,
SUN Guiju^{1
, ,}

1.
Department of Nultrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
2.
Nanjing Qixia District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210046, China

Funds:

National Basic Public Health Service Project 2017YFC0907002

More Information

Corresponding author: SUN Guiju, E-mail: gjsun@seu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 目的了解南京市栖霞区≥65岁老年人代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome, MS)患病率的变化趋势及其相关影响因素，为采取针对性的干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用分层随机抽样，选择2020―2022年在南京市栖霞区参与体检的≥65岁人群为研究对象，分析其MS患病率变化趋势及相关影响因素。结果 2020―2022年南京市栖霞区≥65岁人群的MS总患病率分别为36.72%、35.17%、33.80%，标化患病率分别为36.60%、35.11%、33.67%，呈下降趋势(趋势χ² =41.021, P < 0.001)；城乡分层后，城市≥65岁人群MS患病率呈下降趋势(趋势χ² =95.499, P < 0.001)；农村≥65岁人群MS患病率呈上升趋势(趋势χ² =16.237, P < 0.001)。结论南京市栖霞区≥65岁人群MS总患病率2020―2022年虽然呈下降趋势，但依然较高，尤其是农村地区MS患病率呈上升趋势，农村地区女性MS患病率增幅快，应重点关注。
- 代谢综合征 /
- 老年人群 /
- 患病率 /
- 变化趋势
Abstract: Objective To investigate the trend of metabolic syndrome (MS) prevalence and related factors in elderly people aged ≥65 in Qixia District of Nanjing, and provide reference for targeted intervention measures. Methods Employing a method which the sampling technique was stratified and randomized, A stratified random sampling method was adopted. Elderly individuals aged ≥65 in the Qixia District of Nanjing who underwent health check-ups between 2020 and 2022 were selected as subjects. The trend in the prevalence of MS and the associated factors were analyzed. Results The overall prevalence rates of MS among the elderly in Qixia District of Nanjing were as follows: 36.72% in 2020, 35.17% in 2021, and 33.80% in 2022. The standardized prevalence rates were 36.60%, 35.11%, 33.67%, respectively. These rates indicated a decreasing trend (trend χ² =41.021, P < 0.001). When the data which was stratified by urban-rural differences, the prevalence of MS among urban elderly displayed a downward trend (trend χ² =95.499, P < 0.001). The prevalence of MS among rural elderly displayed an upward trend (trend χ² =16.237, P < 0.001). Conclusions Although the overall prevalence of MS in the elderly in Qixia District of Nanjing decreases from 2020 to 2022, it is still high. Especially in rural areas, the prevalence of MS shows an upward trend, particularly among rural females who urgent need for intervention.
- Metabolic syndrome /
- Elderly /
- Prevalence rate /
- Trends

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图 1 南京市栖霞区2020―2022年不同特征≥65岁老年人MS患病率变化趋势

MS：代谢综合征; A中P值表示城乡患病率比较；C中a、b、c表示不同年份各年龄组MS患病率差异，P < 0.05。

Figure 1. Trends in the prevalence of MS among the elderly ≥65 years from 2020 to 2022 in Qixia District of Nanjing

MS: metabolic syndrome; In the figure A P value represents the comparison of urban and rural prevalence rates; In the figure C, a, b, and c indicate the difference of MS prevalence in different age groups in different years, P < 0.05.

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表 1 南京市栖霞区2020―2022年≥65岁老年人群基本特征

Table 1. Characteristics of the elderly ≥65 years and above in Qixia District of Nanjing from2020 to 2022

特征Characteristic	2020年year ^①(n=15 045)	2021年year ^①(n=19 638)	2022年year ^①(n=28 712)	合计 ^① Total ^①(n=63 395)	χ²值value	P值value
居住地Residence					4.600	0.100
城市Urban	10 685(71.02)	13 778(70.16)	20 120(70.08)	44 583(70.33)	4.600	0.100
农村Rural	4 360(28.98)	5 860(29.84)	8 592(29.92)	18 812(29.67)
性别Gender					0.873	0.646
男性Male	7 060(46.93)	9 312(47.42)	13 520(47.09)	29 892(47.15)
女性Female	7 980(53.04)	10 326(52.58)	15 192(52.91)	33 503(52.85)
年龄组/岁Age group /years					164.000 ^②	< 0.001
65~ < 70	6 163(40.96)	8 195(41.73)	10 908(37.99)	25 266(39.85)
70~ < 75	4 604(30.60)	5 800(29.53)	8 269(28.80)	18 673(29.46)
75~ < 80	2 462(16.36)	3 235(16.47)	4 786(16.67)	10 483(16.54)
≥80	1 816(12.07)	2 408(12.26)	4 749(16.54)	8 973(14.15)
锻炼情况Exercise					842.936	< 0.001
是Yes	4 163(27.67)	7 857(40.01)	11 842(41.24)	23 862(37.64)
否No	10 882(72.33)	11 781(59.99)	16 870(35.94)	39 533(62.36)
膳食习惯Dietary habit					36.929	< 0.001
平衡Balanced	13 744(91.35)	18 093(92.13)	26 688(92.95)	58 525(92.32)
不平衡No balanced	1 301(8.65)	1 545(7.87)	2 024(7.05)	4 870(7.68)
吸烟Smoking states					32.521	< 0.001
是Yes	2 315(15.39)	3 113(15.84)	3 899(13.58)	9 324(14.71)
否No	12 370(84.61)	16 528(84.16)	18 206(86.42)	54 071(85.29)
饮酒Alcohol					64.640	< 0.001
是Yes	2 013(13.38)	2 579(13.13)	3 199(11.14)	7 791(12.29)
否No	13 032(86.62)	17 059(86.87)	25 513(88.86)	55 604(87.71)
注：①以人数(占比%)表示；②采用秩和检验。 Note: ① Number of people(proportion%)；② Rank-sum test.

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表 2 南京市栖霞区2020―2022年不同特征≥65岁老年人MS患病率

Table 2. The prevalence of MS in different characteristics of the elderly ≥65 years in Qixia District of Nanjing from 2020 to 2022

变量Variable	2020年year ^①	2021年year ^①	2022年year ^①	趋势χ²值Trend χ² value	P值value
总患病率Total prevalence rate	5 525(36.72)	6 907(35.17)	9 704(33.80)	37.986	< 0.001
标化患病率Standardized prevalence rate	5 506(36.60)	6 895(35.11)	9 667(33.67)	41.021	< 0.001
性别Gender
男性Male	2 420(34.28)	3 220(34.58)	4 400(32.54)	12.207	0.002
女性Female	3 105(38.91)	3 687(35.71)	5 304(34.91)	36.826	< 0.001
居住地Residence
城市Urban	4 179(39.11)	5 010(36.36)	6 759(33.59)	95.499	< 0.001
农村Rural	1 346(30.87)	1 897(32.37)	2 945(34.28)	16.237	< 0.001
城市Urban
男性Male	1 823(37.27)	2 424(37.30)	3 198(33.78)	18.141	< 0.001
女性Female	2 356(40.66)	2 586(35.53)	3 561(33.43)	99.769	< 0.001
农村Rural
男性Male	597(27.52)	796(28.30)	1 202(29.66)	3.525	0.172
女性Female	749(34.19)	1 101(36.13)	1 743(38.39)	11.965	0.003
年龄组/岁Age group /years
65~ < 70	2 096(34.01)	2 672(32.61)	3 423(31.38)	12.613	0.002
70~ < 75	1 778(38.62)	2 150(37.07)	2 940(35.55)	12.243	0.002
75~ < 80	1 011(41.06)	1 264(39.07)	1 833(38.30)	5.241	0.073
≥80	640(35.24)	821(34.09)	1 508(31.75)	8.726	0.013
锻炼情况Exercise situation
是Yes	1 297(31.16)	2 474(31.49)	3 641(30.75)	0.587	0.444
否No	4 228(38.85)	4 433(37.63)	6 063(35.94)	24.894	< 0.001
膳食习惯Dietary habit
平衡Balanced	5 034(36.63)	6 322(34.94)	8 962(33.58)	37.589	< 0.001
不平衡No balanced	491(37.74)	585(37.86)	742(36.67)	0.474	0.491
吸烟Smoking states
是Yes	785(33.91)	1 148(36.91)	1 498(38.42)	12.246	< 0.001
否No	4 740(37.23)	5 759(34.84)	8 206(33.07)	64.649	< 0.001
饮酒Alcohol
是Yes	775(38.52)	984(38.15)	1 240(38.76)	0.060	0.806
否No	4 750(36.45)	5 923(34.72)	8 464(33.18)	41.916	< 0.001
注：MS, 代谢综合征; 标化率采用第七次人口普查年龄构成计算。 ①以人数(占比%)表示。 Note: MS, metabolic syndrome; The standardized rate was calculated using the age composition of the Seventh National Population Census. ①Number of people(proportion%).

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表 3 南京市栖霞区2020―2022年≥65岁老年人MS各组分患病率

Table 3. The prevalence rate of MS components in different characteristics of the elderly ≥65 years in Qixia District of Nanjing from 2020 to 2022

MS各组分MS component	2020年year			2021年year			2022年year			P值value^③
MS各组分MS component	城市 Urban	农村 Rural	合计 Total	城市 Urban	农村 Rural	合计 Total	城市 Urban	农村 Rural	合计 Total	P值value^③
血压升高Hypertensive	79.82	85.32	81.42	82.60 ^①	84.98	83.31 ^①	80.53 ^②	80.05 ^②	80.38 ^②	< 0.001
中心性肥胖Central obesity	50.00	40.85	47.34	46.21 ^②	47.26 ^①	46.89	43.51 ^②	48.50 ^①	44.64 ^②	< 0.001
血糖升高Hyperglycemia	44.94	33.10	41.24	44.57	35.19 ^①	42.03	40.84 ^②	38.90 ^①	40.26 ^②	< 0.001
高TG High TG	33.06	26.77	31.23	28.83 ^②	23.72 ^②	27.20 ^②	28.68	28.79 ^①	28.82 ^①	< 0.001
低HDL-C Low HDL-C	11.17	12.73	11.62	10.22 ^②	10.82 ^②	10.40 ^②	10.63	10.50	10.59	< 0.001
注：MS，代谢综合征; TG, 三酰甘油; HDL-C, 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。 ①患病率与前1年相比上升，P < 0.05; ②患病率与前1年相比下降，P < 0.05；③为2020―2022年总患病率变化趋势χ²检验。 Note: MS, metabolic syndrome; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. ① The prevalence rate higher than that of the previous year, P < 0.05; ② The prevalence rate lower than that of the previous year, P < 0.05; ③ The P value is a Chi-square test of the trend of total prevalence from 2020 to 2022.

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表 4 南京市栖霞区2020―2022年≥65岁老年人MS组分异常数量分布

Table 4. Abnormal quantity distribution of MS components in the elderly ≥65 years in Qixia District of Nanjing from 2020 to 2022

MS异常组分数量 The number of abnormal components of MS	2020年year	2021年year	2022年year	趋势χ²值Trend χ² value	P值value
5	2.10	2.11	1.97	1.116	0.291
4	10.63	9.74	9.56	11.543	< 0.001
3	23.99	23.33	22.28	17.681	< 0.001
2	32.66	32.49	31.71	4.778	0.029
1	24.11	25.39	26.38	26.953	< 0.001
0	6.51	6.95	8.11	44.342	< 0.001
注：MS，代谢综合征。 Note: MS, metabolic syndrome.

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