基层卫生应急工作人员睡眠时长对职业倦怠的影响

刘丽珍; 曲翌敏; 曹赫; 陈宏标; 江宇

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.01.010

基层卫生应急工作人员睡眠时长对职业倦怠的影响

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.01.010

1.
深圳市龙华区疾病预防控制中心，深圳 518109
2.
中国医学科学院北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院，北京 100730

基金项目:

深圳市龙华区2021年科技创新专项资金 2548A20210413B5F45A7

详细信息

通讯作者:
刘丽珍，E-mail: shelly_1018@163.com

中图分类号: R135.99
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-12
- 修回日期: 2023-11-17
- 网络出版日期: 2024-02-05
- 刊出日期: 2024-01-10

The impact of sleeping behaviors on burnout among health emergency staff

1.
Longhua Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518109, China
2.
School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China

Funds:

The Special Fund for Scientific and Technological Innovation in Shenzhen Longhua District in 2021 2548A20210413B5F45A7

More Information

Corresponding author: LIU Lizhen, E-mail: shelly_1018@163.com

摘要

摘要: 目的了解基层卫生应急工作人员睡眠时长对职业倦怠状况的影响，为缓解其职业倦怠提供依据。方法采用多中心便利抽样的方法, 对深圳市龙华区、定州市、青岛市1 012名区级卫生应急相关工作人员进行问卷调查。采用马斯勒倦怠量表(Maslach burnout inventory-general survey, MBI-GS)测量基层医务人员职业倦怠情况。采用logistic回归分析模型及分层分析控制混杂因素，以探讨睡眠情况对于职业倦怠的影响。结果区级卫生应急相关工作人员睡眠不足与职业倦怠均处于较高水平，57.02%被调查对象每天睡眠＜6 h；90.42%被调查对象存在职业倦怠情况，19.17%存在高度职业倦怠。睡眠＜6 h(OR=2.28，95% CI：1.61~3.25，P < 0.001)及疫情期间睡眠时间减少(OR=3.89，95% CI：2.20~6.89，P <0.001)均与高度职业倦怠正相关；其中睡眠＜6 h与高度情绪疲惫感、高度工作冷漠感及高度无工作成就感3个维度均呈正相关；睡眠时间减少与高度情绪疲惫感正相关。≤40岁(OR=3.10，95% CI：1.96~4.91，P=0.038)、未婚/离异(OR=5.96，95% CI：2.58~13.78，P=0.010)、未育(OR=4.33，95% CI：2.06~9.10，P=0.049)、月收入≤5 000元(OR=2.88，95% CI：1.90~4.37，P=0.027)的人群中，睡眠＜6 h与职业倦怠的关联更强。结论通过保证卫生应急工作人员的睡眠时间，可以缓解职业倦怠情况，以便其更好地应对突发公共卫生事件。
- 睡眠时长 /
- 职业倦怠 /
- 卫生应急
Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship between sleeping status and burnout among health emergency staff. Methods A multi-center convenience sampling method was employed, and a total of 1 012 health emergency staff were recruited from Longhua District of Shenzhen City, Qingdao City, and Dingzhou City. A questionnaire survey, which included the Maslach burnout inventory-general survey (MBI-GS), was conducted to assess the participants′ sleeping and burnout status. Logistic regression model and sub-group analysis were utilized to explore the relationship between sleeping status and burnout after adjusting for confounding variables. Results Among the participants, 57.02% experienced sleep deprivation, defined as having less than 6 hours of sleep per night, 90.42% participants were classified as burnout, with 19.17% being highly burnout. The study found a positive relationship between both sleep deprivation (OR=2.28, 95% CI: 1.61-3.25, P < 0.001) and shortened sleeping time during COVID-19 (OR=3.89, 95% CI: 2.20-6.89, P < 0.001) and burnout. Sleep deprivation was found to be positively associated with exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy, while shortened sleeping time was only related to exhaustion. Moreover, the relationship between sleep deprivation and burnout was found to be amplified in specific subgroups, including individuals aged 40 or younger (OR=3.10, 95% CI: 1.96-4.91, P=0.038), not married (OR=5.96, 95% CI: 2.58-13.78, P=0.010), those without children (OR=4.33, 95% CI: 2.06-9.10, P=0.049), and those with a monthly income of ≤5 000 yuan (OR=2.88, 95% CI: 1.90-4.37, P=0.027). Conclusions This study highlights the importance of ensuring sufficient sleeping time for health emergency staff, in order to alleviate burnout and enhance their ability to cope with health emergencies.
- Sleep duration /
- Job burnout /
- Health emergency

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图 1 职业倦怠情况

Figure 1. Job burnout situation

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表 1 不同睡眠时长分组的基线特征分布

Table 1. Basic characteristics of different sleep duration groups

变量Variable	睡眠时长/h, 人数(占比/%) length of one′s sleep /h, Number of people (proportion/%)			F/χ²值 value	P值 value
变量Variable	≤6	7~8	≥9	F/χ²值 value	P值 value
年龄/岁, x±s Age/years, x±s	36.77±9.01	38.34±8.09	36.87±9.09	5.083	0.006
性别Gender				0.376	0.829
男性Male	155(26.86)	114(27.14)	3(20.00)
女性Female	422(73.14)	306(72.86)	12(80.00)
职称Professional title				16.042	0.052
未定级Unclassified	83(14.38)	94(22.38)	1(6.67)
初级Junior	190(32.93)	130(30.95)	7(46.67)
中级Middle	214(37.09)	136(32.38)	7(46.67)
副高级Associate senior	68(11.79)	43(10.24)	0(0)
高级Senior	22(3.81)	17(4.05)	0(0)
文化程度Education level				6.026	0.390
高中及以下High school and below	33(5.72)	34(8.10)	1(6.67)
大专或本科Bachelor′s degree	516(89.43)	356(84.76)	14(93.33)
硕士Master′s degree	25(4.33)	27(6.43)	0(0)
博士PhD	3(0.52)	3(0.71)	0(0)
婚姻状态Marriage status				15.982	0.003
已婚Married	481(83.36)	316(75.24)	11(73.33)
未婚Unmarried	84(14.56)	99(23.57)	3(20.00)
离异Divorced	12(2.08)	5(1.19)	1(6.67)
生育状态Birth status				14.085	0.001
已育kid-bearing	469(81.28)	299(71.19)	12(80.00)
未育Non kid-bearing	108(18.72)	121(28.81)	3(20.00)
月收入/元Monthly income/yuan				3.120	0.907
≤3 000	140(24.26)	114(27.14)	3(20.00)
3 001~5 000	295(51.13)	202(48.10)	8(53.33)
5 001~8 000	117(20.28)	85(20.24)	3(20.00)
8 001~1 5000	18(3.12)	13(3.10)	1(6.67)
>15 000	7(1.21)	6(1.43)	0(0)

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表 2 睡眠情况与职业倦怠情况的关联分析

Table 2. The association between sleep status and burnout

变量Variable	高度职业倦怠 High level of burnout OR值value(95% CI)	高度情绪疲惫感 High level of emotional exhaustion OR值value(95% CI)	高度工作冷漠感 High level of job apathy OR值value(95% CI)	高度无工作成就感 High level of lack of job fulfillment OR值value(95% CI)
睡眠时长/h Sleep duration/h
≤6	2.28(1.61~3.25) ^①	2.29(1.65~3.19) ^①	1.76(1.08~2.87) ^①	1.46(1.10~1.93) ^①
7~8	1.00	1.00	1.00
≥9	1.13(0.25~5.17)	0.93(0.20~4.23)	2.49(0.53~11.82)	1.39(0.43~4.51)
睡眠时长变化Change in sleep duration
不变Unchanged	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
减少Less	3.89(2.20~6.89) ^①	3.82(2.26~6.46) ^①	1.98(0.99~3.95)	1.38(0.98~1.93)
增加Longer	1.01(0.12~8.36)	0.82(0.10~6.74)	1.48(0.17~12.68)	0.98(0.31~3.10)
注：① P < 0.05。 Note: ① P < 0.05。

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表 3 睡眠与总体职业倦怠关联的亚组分析

Table 3. Subgroup analyses of the association between sleep status and burnout

变量Variable	人数 Number of people	OR值value(95% CI)	交互作用P值 P-value for interaction
性别Gender			0.203
男性Male	272	1.63(0.89~2.98)
女性Female	740	2.63(1.73~4.00)
年龄组/岁Age group/years			0.038
≤40	573	3.10(1.96~4.91)
>40	439	1.49(0.89~2.50)
职称Professional title			0.558
中级以下Junior and unclassified	505	3.08(1.81~5.22)
中级及以上Middle and above	507	1.72(1.09~2.70)
婚姻状态Marriage status			0.010
在婚Married	808	1.79(1.23~2.61)
未婚/离异Unmarried/ Divorced	204	5.96(2.58~13.78)
生育状态Birth status			0.049
已育Kid-bearing	780	1.86(1.27~2.75)
未育Non kid-bearing	232	4.33(2.06~9.10)
月收入/元Monthly income/yuan			0.027
≤5 000	967	2.88(1.90~4.37)
>5 000	45	1.23(0.66~2.30)

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