河南省商城县2种动物发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒感染情况的调查研究

刘万双; 陈浩荣; 代科; 蒋宝贵; 陈津津; 田珅; 吴家红; 刘玮; 方立群

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.01.013

河南省商城县2种动物发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒感染情况的调查研究

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.01.013

刘万双^{1, 3},
陈浩荣²,
代科³,
蒋宝贵³,
陈津津³,
田珅⁴,
吴家红¹,
刘玮³,
方立群^{1, 3, ,}

1.
贵州医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系，贵阳 550025
2.
北京化工大学生命科学与技术学院制药工程学系，北京 100029
3.
军事医学研究院微生物流行病研究所病原微生物生物安全国家重点实验室，北京 100071
4.
广州医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系，广州 511436

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目 2019YFC1200604

详细信息

通讯作者:
方立群，E-mail: fang_lq@163.com

中图分类号: R183.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-20
- 修回日期: 2022-07-13
- 网络出版日期: 2024-02-05
- 刊出日期: 2024-01-10

Investigation on infection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in two animals in Shangcheng County, Henan Province

1.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
2.
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
4.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Dtatistics, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 551436, China

Funds:

The Key Research and Development Program of China 2019YFC1200604

More Information

Corresponding author: FANG Liqun, E-mail: fang_lq@163.com

摘要

摘要: 目的通过开展发热伴血小板减少综合征(severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, SFTS)自然疫源地动物宿主感染新布尼亚病毒(severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, SFTSV)的调查研究，明确SFTS自然疫源地SFTSV的传播风险与影响因素，为SFTS的针对性防控提供科学依据。方法采用卫星定位技术连续跟踪商城县邱湾村、平塘村和龙头桥村3个村庄部分村民家养狗日常活动轨迹2周并采集血清样本，使用间接荧光抗体试验(indirect immunofluorescence assay，IFA)法检测家养狗血清SFTSV-IgG抗体，使用logistic回归分析模型分析影响家养狗感染SFTSV的潜在环境影响因素；采用夹(笼)夜法和粘鼠板法对家养狗活动区域内的啮齿动物及小型哺乳动物种群进行密度调查，针对保守基因进行PCR种类鉴定，并采用荧光PCR和酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay，ELISA)方法检测啮齿动物及小型哺乳动物SFTSV感染情况。结果通过卫星定位共追踪26条家养狗的日常活动范围信息，采集37条家养狗52份血清，SFTSV-IgG抗体总阳性率为59.46%；共捕获啮齿动物及小型哺乳动物419只，优势种为黄胸鼠、小家鼠、黑线姬鼠，未有SFTSV阳性标本检出；家养狗活动中心离主干道路距离远和到过林地的频次多是感染SFTSV的危险因素，家养狗活动中心离林地距离远是感染SFTSV的保护因素。结论商城县家养狗SFTSV抗体阳性率较高，感染SFTSV与生态环境相关，建议进一步扩大家养动物的种类，开展SFTSV感染情况的研究；啮齿动物的SFTSV感染率低，在SFTSV自然循环过程中的作用需进一步调查。
- 新布尼亚病毒 /
- 蜱传疾病 /
- 啮齿动物 /
- 血清学 /
- 危险因素 /
- 血小板减少综合征 /
- 发热
Abstract: Objective To clarify the risk and influential factors of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) transmission in natural foci of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) by conducting an investigation and research on the infection of animal hosts in natural foci of SFTS, so as to provide scientific evidence for targeted prevention and control of SFTS. Methods Satellite positioning technology was used to continuously track the daily activities of domestic dogs in Qiuwan, Pingtang and Longtouqiao villages in Shangcheng County during two weeks of monitoring window. Serum samples of dogs were collected and detected SFTSV-IgG antibody by using indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) method. Multivariable logistic regression model was applied to analyze the effect of environmental influential factors for infection with SFTSV in domestic dogs. The species of rodents and small mammals in the active area of domestic dogs were investigated by night trapping, night-cage and sticky board methods. The conserved genes were identified by PCR. The SFTSV infection was detected by real-time PCR and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The daily activity range of 26 domestic dogs was tracked by satellite positioning technology, and 52 serum samples were collected from 37 domestic dogs. The total positive rate of SFTSV antibody was 59.46%. A total of 419 rodents and small mammals were captured, and the dominant rat species were Rattus tanezumi, Mus musculus, and Apodemus agrarius, and no positive samples were detected for SFTSV. The longer distance from the domestic dog activity center to the main road and the higher frequency of visiting forest land were the risk factors for SFTSV infection. The longer distance from the domestic dog activity center to the forest land was the protective factor. Conclusions The positive rate of SFTSV antibody in domestic dogs in Shangcheng County is high, and the infection of SFTSV is related to the ecological environment. It is recommended to further expand the species of domestic animals for the future investigation and research on their pathogenic infection. In Shangcheng County, there is a large variety of rodent species yet no detection of SFTSV. Thus, the role of rodents in the natural cycle of SFTSV demands further investigation.
- Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus /
- Tick-borne diseases /
- Rodent /
- Serology /
- Risk factors /
- Thrombocytopenia syndrome /
- Fever

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图 1 检查家养狗身上蜱虫附着情况、佩戴定位仪及采集血清

Figure 1. Check for tick attachment, wear a locator, and collect serum

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图 2 不同村庄鼠密度和鼠种在不同生境分布图

Figure 2. Distribution of rodent density and species in different habitats in different villages

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表 1 扩增引物序列

Table 1. Amplification primer sequences

扩增片段 Amplified fragments	引物名称 Primer name	扩增引物序列(5′-3′) Amplified primer sequence(5′-3′)	退火温度/℃ Annealing temperature/℃
CytB	L7	ACCAATGACATGAAAAATCATCGTT	55
	H15915	TCTCCATTTCTGGTTTACAAGAC
SFTSV	BNY-F	AGCCTAATTGGATATGTCAAATTGC	60
	BNY-R	CGGGTGAAGTGGCTGAAGG
	BNY-P	FAM-AGCAGCAGCAGCAACCTCAGCAGC-BHQ1
注：SFTS，发热伴血小板减少综合征。 Note: SFTS, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome.

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表 2 纳入logistic回归模型分析的变量

Table 2. Variables included in logistic regression model

变量Variable	变量描述Variable description	类型Type
耕地占比 Proportion of cultivated land	缓冲区内耕地面积所占百分比/% Percentage of cultivated land in the buffer zone /%	连续变量 Continuous
林地占比 Proportion of forest land	缓冲区内林地面积所占百分比/% Percentage of forest area in the buffer zone /%	连续变量 Continuous
水域占比 Proportion of water body	缓冲区内水域面积所占百分比/% Percentage of water body in the buffer zone /%	连续变量 Continuous
建设用地占比 Proportion of construction land	缓冲区内建设用地面积所占百分比/% Percentage of construction land area in the buffer zone /%	连续变量 Continuous
其他用地占比 Proportion of other land use	缓冲区内其他用地面积所占百分比/% Percentage of other land area in the buffer zone /%	连续变量 Continuous
林地距离 Forest land distance	家养狗活动中心点到最近林地的距离/m Distance from domestic dog activity center to nearest forest land /m	连续变量 Continuous
耕地距离 Cultivated land distance	家养狗活动中心点到最近耕地的距离/m Distance from domestic dog activity center to nearest cultivated land /m	连续变量 Continuous
水域距离 Water body distance	家养狗活动中心点到最近水域的距离/m Distance from domestic dog activity center to nearest water body /m	连续变量 Continuous
主干道路距离 Trunk road distance	家养狗活动中心点到最近主干道路的距离/m Distance from domestic dog activity center to nearest trunk road /m	连续变量 Continuous
耕地频次 Cultivated land frequency	狗到耕地的频次 Frequency of dog visits to cultivated land	连续变量 Continuous
林地频次 Forest land frequency	狗到林地的频次 Frequency of dog visits to forest land	连续变量 Continuous
水域频次 Water body frequency	狗到水域的频次 Frequency of dog visits to water body	连续变量 Continuous
建设用地频次 Construction land frequency	狗到建设用地的频次 Frequency of dog visits to construction land	连续变量 Continuous
鼠密度 Rat density	家养狗活动区域内鼠的密度/% Density of rats in the living area of domestic dogs /%	连续变量 Continuous
鼠丰度 Rat abundance	家养狗活动区域内鼠的种类/种 Species of rats in areas where domestic dogs live /Species	连续变量 Continuous

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表 3 家养狗及啮齿动物SFTSV检测情况

Table 3. Detection of SFTSV in domestic dogs and rodents

地点Location	家养狗Domestic dogs		啮齿动物Rodent
地点Location	IFA	阳性数(阳性率/%) Positive number (positive rate/%)	RT-PCR	阳性数(阳性率/%) Positive number (positive rate/%)	ELISA	阳性数(阳性率/%) Positive number (positive rate/%)
邱湾村Qiuwan Village	8	7(87.50)	125	0(0.00)	73	0(0.00)
平塘村Pingtang Village	6	4(66.67)	148	0(0.00)	96	0(0.00)
龙头桥村Longtouqiao Village	23	11(47.83)	146	0(0.00)	81	0(0.00)
合计Total	37	22(59.46)	419	0(0.00)	250	0(0.00)
注: SFTS, 发热伴血小板减少综合征; IFA, 间接荧光抗体试验; RT-PCR, 反转录聚合酶链反应; ELISA, 酶联免疫吸附试验。 Note: SFTS, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome; IFA, indirect immunofluorescence assay; RT-PCR, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.

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表 4 商城县啮齿动物及小型哺乳动物采集情况

Table 4. Collection of rodents and small mammals in Shangcheng

鼠种Rat species	邱湾村Qiuwan Village					平塘村Pingtang Village					龙头桥村Longtouqiao Village					总计 Total
鼠种Rat species	林地 Forest land	花生地 Peanut land	杂草地 Weedy land	室内 Interior room	合计 Total	林地 Forest land	花生地 Peanut land	杂草地 Weedy land	室内 Interior room	合计 Total	林地 Forest land	花生地 Peanut land	杂草地 Weedy land	室内 Interior room	合计 Total	总计 Total
黄胸鼠Ruttus flauipectus	28	6	28	23	85	11	18	29	35	93	16	12	31	16	75	253
小家鼠Mus musculus	5	2	4	4	15	3	2	5	2	12	11	5	19	20	55	82
黑线姬鼠Apodemus agrarius	0	9	0	0	9	3	16	5	0	24	0	4	0	0	4	37
北社鼠Chinese white-bellied rat	3	3	7	0	13	5	0	2	0	7	0	0	0	0	0	20
褐家鼠Rattus norvegicus	0	0	1	0	1	1	1	4	0	6	2	0	8	0	10	17
小鼩鼱Shrew	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	2	0	2	0	0	1	0	1	4
赤腹松鼠Callosciurus erythraeus	1	0	0	0	1	2	0	0	0	2	1	0	0	0	1	4
安氏白腹鼠Niviventer andersoni	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	2
合计Total	37	20	41	27	125	25	37	49	37	148	30	21	59	36	146	419

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表 5 家养狗感染SFTSV环境危险因素logistic回归分析

Table 5. Logistic regression analysis of environmental risk factors for SFTSV infection in dogs

变量Variable	单因素分析Univariate analysis		多因素分析Multivariate analysis
变量Variable	OR值value (95% CI)	P值value	OR值value (95% CI)	P值value
面积百分比/% ^① Area percent/% ^①
耕地Cultivated land	0.89(0.80~0.97)	0.018	0.84(0.79~0.92)	0.073
林地Forest land	1.08(1.00~1.19)	0.070	1.12(0.93~1.24)	0.068
水域Water body	0.96(0.74~1.24)	0.715	0.77(0.62~0.98)	0.214
建设用地Construction land	1.00(0.83~1.20)	0.973	0.99(0.81~1.07)	0.457
其他用地Other land use	1.30(0.98~2.07)	0.129	1.24(0.95~1.96)	0.132
距离/10 m ^② Distance/10 m ^②
耕地Cultivated land	0.81(0.57~1.09)	0.183	0.83(0.80~1.15)	0.150
林地Forest land	0.80(0.68~0.90)	0.002	0.76(0.58~0.89)	0.007
水域Water body	1.27(0.95~1.80)	0.136	0.85(0.72~0.97)	0.127
主干道路Trunk road	1.07(1.01~1.16)	0.033	1.13(1.03~1.29)	0.027
频次 ^③ Frequency ^③
耕地Cultivated land	1.00(1.00~1.01)	0.070	1.00(0.93~1.05)	0.070
林地Forest land	1.01(1.00~1.02)	0.005	1.01(1.00~1.02)	0.005
水域Water body	1.01(0.99~1.03)	0.264	1.01(0.97~1.03)	0.208
建设用地Construction land	1.00(1.00~1.00)	0.720	1.00(1.00~1.00)	0.350
鼠密度Rat density	1.24(1.06~1.35)	0.170	1.16(1.07~1.37)	0.131
鼠丰度Rat abundance	0.97(0.84~1.07)	0.240	0.99(0.82~1.91)	0.180
注：① 1 000 m缓冲区内土地利用类型的面积百分比；②家养狗的活动中心点到最近的环境变量的距离；③家养狗到各种生境的次数。 Note: ① Area percentage of land use types within the 1 000 m buffer zone; ② The distance from the domestic dog′s center of activity to the nearest environmental variable; ③ Number of visits by domestic dogs to various habitats.

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