Abstract: Objective To investigate the efficacy and its risk factors of surgery for primary angle-closure glaucoma patients. Methods A total of 225 eyes of primary angle-closure glaucoma patients were collected from July 2013 to October 2017 in our hospital for observation and analysis. Results Anterior chamber depth in primary angle-closure glaucoma affected the its surgical efficacy (χ_trend²=5.452,P=0.020). There was a statistically significant difference between the total success rate of scleral sclerectomy and trabeculectomyds (χ²=4.040,P=0.044). The surgical efficacy in patients of primary angle-closure glaucoma complicated with diabetes was reduced compared with patients without diabetes (χ²=4.080,P=0.043). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that two different surgical methods and shallow anterior chambers were risk factors influencing the surgical efficacy of primary angle-closure glaucoma patients. Conclusions Different surgical methods and shallow anterior chambers are risk factors influencing the surgical efficacy of primary angle-closure glaucoma.