Abstract: Physical health is the guarantee of life, and people's health is the foundation of a powerful country. Prevention is the most economical and effective health strategy. In this article, we reviewed the achievements of immunization program and the prevention and control of infectious disease, parasitic and endemic diseases of poor areas, chronic diseases and mental health, environmental health and school health, and puts forward the prospects. Building a strong public health system is the solid health foundation for achieving the "two Centenary Goals" and great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. And the key lies in adhering to the prevention-oriented health policy, reforming and improving the disease prevention and control system, persist in being unremitting and nip in the bud.