陕西省部分地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行情况及相关危险因素

胡志平; 王艳平; 李亚军; 邱琳; 刘蓉; 王维华; 武萌; 飒日娜

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.10.024

陕西省部分地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行情况及相关危险因素

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.10.024

710054 西安, 陕西省疾病预防控制中心慢性病防治所

基金项目:

中央财政转移支付地方重大公共卫生项目 2014

详细信息

通讯作者:
飒日娜, E-mail:38219471@qq.com

中图分类号: R181.13
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-01-06
- 修回日期: 2020-04-19
- 刊出日期: 2020-10-10

Prevalence and risk factors of COPD in some areas of Shaanxi Province

Chronic Diease Center Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China

Funds:

The Central Government Transferred Funds to Pay For Major Local Public Health Projects 2014

More Information

Corresponding author: SA Ri-na E-mail:38219471@qq.com

摘要

摘要: 目的了解陕西省部分地区40岁及以上人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease，COPD）的患病情况及影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法，在陕西省3个项目县区抽取了1 800名40岁及以上常住居民进行问卷调查、身体测量及肺功能检测，采用χ²检验和二分类Logistic回归分析模型对影响COPD患病率的相关因素进行分析。结果共获得有效样本1 638例，陕西省部分地区COPD的患病率为13.8%。其中男性患病率（18.5%）高于女性（9.6%）（χ²=27.399，P < 0.001）；70岁及以上年龄组患病率最高，占22.5%，其次为60~岁、50~岁和40~岁，患病率分别为20.4%、12.9%和8.5%，且随着年龄的增长患病率逐渐上升（χ_趋势²=31.970，P < 0.001）。多因素Logistic回归分析模型得出，年龄（OR=2.86，95% CI：1.52~5.39，P=0.001），吸烟（OR=1.60，95% CI：1.12~2.27，P=0.031），有呼吸系统疾病家族史（OR=1.83，95% CI：1.05~3.18，P=0.008）是居民患COPD的危险因素。结论陕西省部分地区居民COPD患病率较高，高龄、吸烟、有呼吸系统疾病家族史是患COPD的危险因素。
- 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 /
- 流行情况 /
- 危险因素
Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in people aged 40 and above in some areas of Shaanxi Province. Methods The multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used in this study. A total of 1 800 residents aged 40 and above were selected from three monitoring districts in Shaanxi.Interview survey, physical measurement and pulmonary function were examined. The relevant factors were analyzed by test and binary logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 1 638 effective samples were obtained. The prevalence of COPD was 13.8%. Prevalence rate in male (18.5%) was higher than that in female (9.6%)(χ²=27.399, P < 0.001); the prevalence of the age group of 70 years and above (22.5%) was the highest. The prevalence of COPD was 20.4%, 12.9% and 8.5% in 60-, 50- and 40- group respectively. With aging, the prevalence was increasing(χ_trend²=31.970, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for COPD were age (OR=2.86, 95% CI:1.52-5.39, P=0.001), smoke (OR=1.60, 95% CI:1.12-2.27, P=0.031) and family history of respiratory diseases (OR=1.83, 95% CI:1.05-3.18, P=0.008). Conclusions The prevalence of COPD is high in some areas of Shaanxi Province. The risk factors for COPD are old age, smoking and family history of respiratory diseases.
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease /
- Epidemic situation /
- Risk factors

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表 1 陕西省3个项目县区40岁及以上居民患病情况

Table 1. Prevalence of residents aged 40 and above in three project counties in Shaanxi Province

变量	有效样本数(%)	患病人数	患病率(%)	χ²值	P值
性别				27.399	＜0.001
男	765(46.7)	142	18.5
女	873(53.3)	84	9.6
年龄(岁)				31.970^a	＜0.001
40~	529(32.3)	45	8.5
50~	629(38.4)	81	12.9
60~	378(23.1)	77	20.4
≥70	102(6.2)	23	22.5
文化程度				15.681^a	＜0.001
小学及以下学历	563(34.4)	101	17.9
初中学历	699(42.7)	92	13.2
高中学历	289(17.6)	26	9.0
大专及以上学历	87(5.3)	7	8.0
职业				30.383	＜0.001
农林牧渔水利业生产人员	920(56.2)	105	11.4
生产、运输设备操作及有关人员	39(2.4)	5	12.8
商业、服务人员	21(1.3)	3	14.3
公务人员	89(5.4)	6	6.7
专业技术人员	66(4.0)	8	12.1
家务	184(11.2)	32	17.4
离退休人员	215(13.1)	38	17.7
其他	104(6.4)	29	27.9
体重指数(BMI)(kg/m²)				8.030	0.045
＜18.5	57(3.5)	12	21.1
18.5~	731(44.6)	114	15.6
24.0~	635(38.8)	78	12.3
≥28	215(13.1)	22	10.2
母亲怀孕时吸烟				0.636	0.425
是	34(2.3)	3	8.8
否	1 440(97.7)	195	13.5
儿童时感染呼吸系统疾病史				0.824	0.364
是	43(2.9)	8	18.6
否	1 433(97.1)	197	13.7
肺部手术史				0.848	0.357
是	8(0.5)	2	25.5
否	1 630(99.5)	224	13.7
呼吸系统疾病家族史				4.564	0.033
是	331(20.9)	57	17.2
否	1 253(79.1)	159	12.7
吸烟				37.211	＜0.001
是	623(38.1)	127	20.4
否	1 012(61.9)	98	9.7
家庭烹饪使用污染燃料				5.136	0.023
是	777(47.4)	123	15.8
否	861(52.6)	103	12.0
家庭取暖使用污染燃料				8.786	0.003
是	1 114(68.0)	173	15.5
否	524(32.0)	53	10.1
职业有害粉尘/气体接触				0.018	0.893
是	890(54.6)	122	13.7
否	739(45.4)	103	13.9
注：^a采用趋势χ²检验。

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表 2 多因素Logistic回归分析模型分析

Table 2. Multifactor Logistic regression analysis

影响因素	β值	wald χ²值	OR值	OR(95% CI)值	P值
年龄(岁)
40~			1.00	—	—
50~	0.58	7.52	1.79	1.18~2.72	0.006
60~	0.86	14.02	2.37	1.51~3.73	＜0.001
≥70	1.05	10.69	2.86	1.52~5.39	0.001
呼吸系统疾病家族史	0.47	6.97	1.60	1.12~2.27	0.008
吸烟	0.60	4.65	1.83	1.05~3.18	0.031
注：变量赋值：呼吸系统疾病家族史：1=否, 2=是; 吸烟：1=不吸烟，2=吸烟。

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