Investigation on oral health knowledge, attitude and practice among migrant workers in Chengdu
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摘要:
目的 了解成都市外来农民工口腔健康知识、信念及行为情况，为探索针对该群体的口腔健康干预措施提供基础依据。 方法 采用应答推动抽样的方法，对成都市外来农民工进行问卷调查。 结果 共对579名成都市外来农民工进行调查，口腔健康知识知晓率为63.36%，各条目回答正确率在37.89%~85.96%之间；口腔健康信念持有率为62.25%，各条目信念持有率在45.25%~85.32%之间；口腔健康行为形成率为35.67%，各条目行为形成率在10.73%~63.39%之间。不同性别、年龄、文化程度、月收入、职业人群口腔健康知识知晓率、行为形成率的差异均有统计学意义(均有P < 0.05)，不同文化程度、月收入和职业人群口腔健康信念持有率的差异均有统计学意义(均有P < 0.05)。 结论 成都市外来农民工口腔健康知信行现状亟需改善，口腔健康知信行间的差异与人口学特征有关，应关注该重点人群，加强其口腔健康宣教及健康促进。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the awareness of oral health knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) among migrant workers in Chengdu, so as to provide a basis for exploring oral health intervention measures for migrant workers. Methods Using the response-driven sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted among migrant workers in Chengdu. Results A total of 579 migrant workers were surveyed. The awareness rate of oral health knowledge was 63.36%. The correct rate of answer to each item ranged from 37.89% to 85.96%. The holding rate of oral health attitude was 62.25%, that of each item ranged from 45.25% to 85.32%. The formation rate of oral health practice was 35.67%, that of each item ranged from 10.73% to 63.39%. There were significant differences in the awareness rate of oral health knowledge and formation rate of oral health practice among different gender, age, education levels, income and occupation population (all P < 0.05), and there were significant differences in the holding rate of oral health attitude among different educational levels, income and occupational groups (all P < 0.05). Conclusions The overall oral health KAP of migrant workers in Chengdu urgently need to be improved. The differences in the oral health KAP is related to demographic characteristics. We should pay attention to this kind of key population, strengthen oral health education and health promotion. -
Key words:
- Migrant workers /
- Oral health /
- Knowledge, attitude and practice
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表 1 成都市外来农民工口腔健康知识、信念和行为各条目的回答情况
Table 1. Responses to each item of migrant workers in oral health knowledge, attitude and behaviors in Chengdu
条目 回答正确的人数(人) 正确率[%(n/N)] 知识 刷牙时牙龈出血正常吗？ 325 56.23(325/578) 刷牙能预防牙龈出血？ 282 48.79(282/578) 含氟牙膏对保护牙齿有好处吗？ 219 37.89(219/578) 牙菌斑是细菌在牙齿表面形成的薄膜？ 296 51.21(296/578) 细菌是否会引起牙龈发炎？ 456 78.89(456/577) 细菌是否引起龋齿？ 302 55.46(320/577) 吃糖是否诱发龋齿？ 462 79.79(462/579) 吸烟对口腔健康有害吗？ 496 85.96(496/577) 饮酒对口腔健康有害吗？ 435 75.78(435/574) 口腔疾病会影响全身健康吗？ 385 66.72(385/577) 信念 担心、关注自己的牙齿、假牙 262 45.25(262/579) 认为口腔健康对自己的生活很重要 494 85.32(494/579) 认为定期口腔检查很有必要 320 55.27(320/579) 同意“牙齿好坏是天生的，与自己的保护关系不大”的说法 322 55.61(322/579) 同意“预防牙病先靠自己”的说法 404 69.78(404/579) 行为 刷牙的频率 313 54.25(313/577) 使用牙签的频率 95 16.78(95/566) 使用牙线的频率 155 27.43(155/565) 刷牙的方式 133 23.01(133/578) 每次刷牙的时间 185 32.01(185/578) 使用含氟牙膏 62 10.73(62/578) 使用软毛牙刷 367 63.39(367/579) 多久更换一次牙刷 340 58.72(340/579) 饭后漱口 316 54.58(316/579) 刷牙时牙龈出血怎么做 103 23.52(103/438) 牙齿有洞怎么办 140 24.31(140/576) 
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表 2 成都市外来农民工的口腔健康知识知晓率、态度持有率和行为形成率分布[n(%)]
Table 2. The distribution of rate of oral health knowledge awareness, attitude holding and behavior formation among migrant workers with different characteristics in Chengdu [n(%)]
分组 口腔健康知识知晓 χ2值 P值 口腔健康信念持有 χ2值 P值 口腔健康行为形成 χ2值 P值 性别 4.440 0.035 0.047 0.829 19.239 < 0.001 男 1 483(61.77) 747(61.99) 899(34.66) 女 2 155(64.48) 1 045(62.38) 1 306(36.61) 年龄(岁) 9.951 0.019 7.641 0.054 28.470a < 0.001 < 30 910(62.20) 486(66.12) 586(37.09) 30~ 923(65.23) 426(60.00) 561(37.10) 45~ 1 453(63.59) 700(61.10) 867(35.55) ≥60 270(57.25) 150(63.83) 127(24.90) 文化程度 23.935a < 0.001 23.155 < 0.001 26.231a < 0.001 小学 879(59.55) 456(61.62) 510(32.04) 初中 1 518(62.73) 715(58.85) 91(35.51) 高中/中专/技校 546(66.02) 259(62.41) 32(136.07) 大专/大学及以上 705(68.51) 366(71.06) 463(41.60) 月收入(元) 9.323a 0.009 8.202 0.017 12.840 0.002 < 3 000 1 886(62.08) 945(61.97) 1 106(33.82) 3 000~ 1 424(63.69) 682(60.89) 914(38.31) ≥6 000 319(69.35) 163(70.87) 187(37.70) 职业 119.925 < 0.001 129.015 < 0.001 11.603 0.003 制造加工业 911(53.06) 400(46.51) 604(34.53) 服务业 1 574(69.58) 796(70.13) 948(38.33) 其他 1 124(65.58) 577(67.09) 686(33.74) 注：a趋势χ2检验。
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