Status of physical activity and leisure sit-in time among the high-risk population of cardiovascular disease in Jiangsu Province
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摘要:
目的 了解江苏省心血管病高危人群身体活动与休闲静坐时间现状，为制定改善居民身体活动策略提供基础资料和科学依据。 方法 将2015年9月1日―2017年6月30日江苏省6个项目点16 066名35~75岁心血管病高危人群纳入本研究。采用问卷收集个人基础信息、身体活动资料，分析不同特征身体活动与休闲静坐时间状况。 结果 身体活动强度值用代谢当量(metabolic equivalent, MET)表示，研究对象每天总身体活动水平的中位数为11.94 MET-h/d，工作和家务相关身体活动所占比例为87.90%，且不同特征人群身体活动模式各异。每天休闲静坐时间的中位数为1.71 h/d，49.00%的个体每天休闲静坐时间超过2.00 h/d，男性每天休闲静坐时间超过2.00 h/d的比例高于女性(χ2 =122.30, P＜0.001)。 结论 江苏省心血管病高危人群身体活动以工作和家务为主，每天休闲静坐时间超过2.00 h/d者比例较高，应根据不同人群的具体情况进行针对性的健康教育工作。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the status of physical activity and leisure sit-in time among the high-risk population of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Jiangsu Province, and provide basis data for the formulation of strategies to improve the physical activity of residents. Methods From September 1, 2015 to June 30, 2017, 16 066 high-risk groups of CVD aged 35-75 years from 6 project sites in Jiangsu Province were included in this study. Specifically designed questionnaires were used to collect basic personal information and physical activity data, and the physical activity and leisure sit-in time status with different characteristics was analyzed. Results The value of physical activity intensity is expressed in metabolic equivalent (MET), the median total physical activity was 11.94 MET-h/d, the proportion of physical activities related to work and housework was 87.90%, and the physical activity patterns of people with different characteristics were different. The median daily leisure sit-in time was 1.71 h/d, 49.00% of individuals spend more than 2.00 h/d in leisure sit-in every day, the proportion of men who spend more than 2.00 h/d of leisure sit-in per day was higher than that of women (χ2 =122.30, P < 0.001). Conclusion The physical activities of the high-risk population of CVD in Jiangsu Province are mainly work and housework, and the proportion of CVD who spend more than 2.00 h/d in leisure sit-in is high, targeted health education should be carried out according to the specific conditions of different groups. -
Key words:
- Cardiovascular disease /
- High-risk population /
- Physical activity /
- Leisure sit-in time
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表 1 2015年9月1日―2017年6月30日江苏省心血管病高危人群每天总身体活动水平比较
Table 1. The comparison of daily total physical activity levels among high-risk population of cardiovascular disease in Jiangsu Province from September 1, 2015 to June 30, 2017
特征 农村项目点 城市项目点 合计 人数(%) 总身体活动水平[M(Q), MET-h/d] Z/H值 P值 人数(%) 总身体活动水平[M(Q), MET-h/d] Z/H值 P值 人数(%) 总身体活动水平[M(Q), MET-h/d] Z/H值 P值 性别 -7.175 ＜0.001 -1.598 0.110 -5.792 ＜0.001 男 4 036(42.42) 14.69(25.65) 2 896(44.20) 9.20(16.07) 6 932(43.15) 12.40(22.98) 女 5 478(57.58) 12.92(14.55) 3 656(55.80) 8.90(13.15) 9 134(56.85) 11.59(14.40) 年龄(岁) -24.605 ＜0.001 -21.698 ＜0.001 -32.454 ＜0.001 35~＜61 4 525(47.56) 17.23(22.47) 3 283(50.11) 13.56(20.44) 7 808(48.60) 15.93(21.97) 61~75 4 989(52.44) 10.89(13.21) 3 269(49.89) 7.01(8.20) 8 258(51.40) 8.90(11.64) 文化程度 108.931 ＜0.001 a 136.651 ＜0.001 b 77.154 ＜0.001 c 小学及以下 6 336(66.60) 12.57(16.27) 2 729(41.65) 7.49(12.09) 9 065(56.42) 11.20(14.85) 初中 2 385(25.07) 16.28(23.58) 2 306(35.20) 9.81(16.68) 4 691(29.20) 12.60(21.48) 高中 659(6.93) 15.62(22.15) 1 042(15.90) 11.20(14.00) 1 701(10.59) 12.75(17.35) 大学及以上 134(1.41) 17.95(13.12) 475(7.25) 13.08(13.42) 609(3.79) 14.35(13.15) 职业 955.077 ＜0.001 d 826.651 ＜0.001 e 1551.479 ＜0.001 f 农民 5 974(62.79) 12.50(14.44) 2 429(37.07) 5.16(10.12) 8 403(52.30) 11.00(14.64) 工人 1 312(13.79) 30.33(27.31) 869(13.26) 19.98(24.86) 2 181(13.58) 26.71(26.75) 综合分类从业人员g 726(7.63) 20.50(23.53) 823(12.56) 16.19(16.49) 1 549(9.64) 17.64(21.08) 家务 592(6.22) 11.20(10.89) 747(11.40) 10.16(10.70) 1 339(8.33) 10.51(10.80) 退休 910(9.56) 8.00(11.20) 1 684(25.70) 8.90(7.96) 2 594(16.15) 8.40(8.71) 家庭年收入(万元) h 612.763 ＜0.001 295.719 ＜0.001 848.278 ＜0.001 ＜1.0 1 891(19.88) 11.20(11.63) 1 253(19.12) 4.97(9.02) 3 144(19.57) 8.40(12.40) 1.0~＜2.5 2 122(22.30) 11.41(12.68) 1 495(22.82) 7.77(13.16) 3 617(22.51) 9.97(13.20) 2.5~＜5.0 2 372(24.93) 14.00(20.73) 2 092(31.93) 10.31(14.74) 4 464(27.79) 12.20(17.83) ≥5.0 3 129(32.89) 18.92(27.10) 1 712(26.13) 12.00(14.84) 4 841(30.13) 15.89(23.50) BMI(kg/m2) 20.429 ＜0.001 i 4.941 0.085 27.489 ＜0.001 j ＜24.0 2 534(26.64) 13.78(21.88) 1 469(22.42) 9.40(14.01) 4 003(24.92) 12.20(19.03) 24.0~＜28.0 4 291(45.10) 13.89(18.58) 3 106(47.41) 9.00(14.15) 7 397(46.04) 12.00(17.21) ≥28.0 2 689(28.26) 12.75(16.10) 1 977(30.17) 8.90(13.35) 4 666(29.04) 11.20(15.27) 慢性病患病情况k 182.469 ＜0.001 18.252 ＜0.001 229.184 ＜0.001 不患病 3 416(35.90) 15.23(22.93) 2 138(32.63) 9.36(16.34) 5 554(34.57) 12.90(21.10) 患病1种 4 118(43.28) 14.00(17.55) 2 476(37.79) 9.34(15.55) 6 594(41.04) 12.40(17.60) 患病2种及以上 1 980(20.81) 11.10(12.19) 1 938(29.58) 8.90(10.36) 3 918(24.39) 9.48(11.60) 合计 9 514(100.00) 13.53(18.44) 6 552(100.00) 8.90(13.79) 16 066(100.00) 11.94(16.90) 注：a、b、c小学及以下与初中、小学及以下与高中、小学及以下与大学及以上比较，均有P＜0.05；b初中与高中、初中与大学及以上相比，均有P＜0.05；d、e组内成对比较，均有P＜0.05；f农民与家务相比，P>0.05，其余组内成对比较，均有P＜0.05；g综合分类从业人员包括：行政管理、行政办事、专业技术、商业、服务业和私营业主；h组内成对比较，均有P＜0.05；i、j＜24.0与≥28.0、24.0~＜28.0与≥28.0比较，均有P＜0.05；k不患病与患病2种及以上、患病1种与患病2种及以上比较，均有P＜0.05。 
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表 2 2015年9月1日―2017年6月30日江苏省男、女心血管病高危人群每天总身体活动水平分类型的比较
Table 2. The comparison of daily total physical activity levels by type between males and females at high-risk population of cardiovascular disease in Jiangsu Province from September 1, 2015 to June 30, 2017
特征 每天总身体活动水平[M(Q), MET-h/d] Z值 P值 男性 女性 活动类型 工作相关 4.72(21.71) 0.72(8.57) -22.101 ＜0.001 交通相关 0.57(1.70) 0.00(1.17) -12.973 ＜0.001 家务相关 2.80(4.00) 5.60(5.60) -43.897 ＜0.001 休闲相关 0.00(1.41) 0.00(0.00) -6.538 ＜0.001 活动强度 低强度 4.12(5.60) 6.80(7.91) -30.712 ＜0.001 中等强度 2.70(18.56) 1.17(4.40) -19.676 ＜0.001 高强度 0.00(0.00) 0.00(0.00) -7.068 ＜0.001
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表 3 2015年9月1日―2017年6月30日江苏省城市、农村地区心血管病高危人群每天总身体活动水平分类型比较
Table 3. The comparison of daily total physical activity levels by type between urban and rural areas at high-risk population of cardiovascular disease in Jiangsu Province from September 1, 2015 to June 30, 2017
特征 男性每天总身体活动水平[M(Q), MET-h/d] Z值 P值 女性每天总身体活动水平[M(Q), MET-h/d] Z值 P值 农村项目点 城市项目点 农村项目点 城市项目点 活动类型 工作相关 8.00(25.71) 1.43(12.34) -17.982 ＜0.001 2.92(10.29) 0.00(1.71) -24.082 ＜0.001 交通相关 0.90(1.80) 0.00(1.08) -18.424 ＜0.001 0.58(1.75) 0.00(0.54) -24.609 ＜0.001 家务相关 3.20(4.00) 2.80(2.80) -11.103 ＜0.001 5.60(4.40) 5.60(5.60) -6.043 ＜0.001 休闲相关 0.00(0.00) 0.00(3.30) -25.453 ＜0.001 0.00(0.00) 0.00(3.30) -25.323 ＜0.001 活动强度 低强度 5.60(5.77) 3.60(4.58) -8.723 ＜0.001 8.00(7.67) 5.60(6.57) -14.384 ＜0.001 中等强度 2.70(25.71) 2.36(6.87) -6.827 ＜0.001 1.35(5.10) 0.58(3.77) -5.348 ＜0.001 高强度 0.00(0.00) 0.00(0.00) -2.999 0.003 0.00(0.00) 0.00(0.00) -0.738 0.461
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表 4 2015年9月1日―2017年6月30日江苏省心血管病高危人群每天静坐时间比较
Table 4. The comparison of daily sedentary time of the high-risk population of cardiovascular disease in Jiangsu Province from September 1, 2015 to June 30, 2017
特征 每天静坐时间[M(Q), h/d] 静坐时间≥2 h/d的人数构成比(%) χ2值 P值 性别 122.30 ＜0.001 男 2.00(1.86) 53.98 女 1.71(1.14) 45.22 地区 76.93 ＜0.001 农村 1.71(1.14) 46.17 城市 2.00(1.86) 53.10 年龄(岁) 11.03 ＜0.001 35~＜61 2.00(1.57) 50.31 61~75 1.71(1.14) 47.69 文化程度 169.38 ＜0.001 小学及以下 1.43(1.29) 44.01 初中 2.00(1.86) 53.74 高中 2.00(1.86) 58.37 大学及以上 2.00(2.00) 60.46 职业 275.93 ＜0.001 农民 1.43(1.29) 41.36 工人 2.00(1.86) 56.66 综合分类从业人员 2.00(1.86) 53.92 家务 2.00(1.86) 55.67 退休 2.00(1.86) 60.87 家庭年收入(万元) 251.98 ＜0.001 ＜1.0 1.43(1.43) 38.06 1.0~＜2.5 1.71(1.14) 45.87 2.5~＜5.0 2.00(1.86) 52.42 ≥5.0 2.00(1.86) 55.29 BMI(kg/m2) 2.23 0.328 ＜24.0 1.71(1.14) 48.09 24.0~＜28.0 1.71(1.29) 49.32 ≥28.0 1.71(1.86) 49.27 慢性病患病情况 141.68 ＜0.001 不患病 1.43(1.14) 44.44 患病1种 1.71(1.29) 47.88 患病2种及以上 2.00(1.86) 57.20 合计 1.71(1.43) 49.00
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