Investigation of female prisoners' awareness of AIDS, syphilis and gonorrhea and analysis of the effect of knowledge intervention
-
摘要:
目的 了解女性服刑人员对AIDS、梅毒、淋病的知晓情况及其影响因素，分析教育干预效果，以期降低女性服刑人员感染的风险。 方法 共纳入405名总刑期≥1年新入监女性服刑人员，采用自制的问卷调查表进行基线调查，经过1年系统性教育干预后再进行调查，运用SPSS 21.0软件进行数据分析。 结果 新入监女性服刑人员对于AIDS、梅毒、淋病知识的总知晓率为49.68%，其中对于AIDS、梅毒和淋病知识的平均知晓率分别为44.44%、48.61%、56.01%。教育干预后，总知晓率提升至78.05%，其中对于AIDS、梅毒、淋病的平均知晓率分别提升至74.11%、76.98%、83.06%。在系统性教育干预前后，新入监女性服刑人员的AIDS、梅毒和淋病知识得分差异有统计学意义(均有P < 0.001)。文化程度、年龄、罪名对AIDS、梅毒和淋病的知识得分均有影响(均有P < 0.05)。 结论 女性服刑人员对于AIDS、梅毒、淋病的知晓率较低，年龄、文化程度、罪名对知识得分有影响，通过监狱特有的系统性教育干预能有效提高认知。 Abstract:Objective To understand the cognition and influencing factors of female prisoners on acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), syphilis, and gonorrhea, and analyze the effect of systematic input education intervention to reduce the infection of female prisoners with these diseases. Methods A total of 405 female prisoners with a total sentence of more than one year were included. A self-made questionnaire was used to conduct a baseline survey. After a year of systematic education intervention, the survey was conducted and the data was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 software. Results The overall awareness rate of newly admitted female prisoners about AIDS, syphilis, and gonorrhea was 49.68%. Among them, the average awareness rates of AIDS, syphilis, and gonorrhea knowledge were 44.44%, 48.61%, and 56.01%, respectively. After the intervention, the overall awareness rate increased to 78.05%, and the average awareness rate of AIDS, syphilis and gonorrhea increased to 74.11%, 76.98% and 83.06%, respectively. Before and after the systematic educational intervention, there was a statistically significant difference in the knowledge scores of gonorrhea, AIDS and syphilis among newly admitted female prisoners (P < 0.001). Educational level had an impact on the knowledge score of AIDS, syphilis and gonorrhea, as well as age and crime type (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Female inmates have a low awareness rate of AIDS, syphilis, and gonorrhea. Age, educational level and crime type have an impact on knowledge score. Systemic education interventions unique to prisons can effectively improve their cognition. -
Key words:
- Female prisoners /
- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome /
- Gonorrhea /
- Syphilis /
- Intervention
-
图 1 2018年1月—2018年2月某监狱新入监女性服刑人员培训前后各传染病知识得分比较
Figure 1. Comparison of knowledge scores of infectious diseases before and after training for new female prisoners in a prison from January to February 2018
表 1 2018年1月—2018年2月某监狱新入监女性服刑人员基本情况[n(%)]
Table 1. Basic information of newly admitted female prisoners in a prison from January to February 2018 [n(%)]
变量 人数 变量 人数 年龄(岁) 职业 < 30 119 (29.38) 无业 165 (40.74) 30~ < 45 169 (41.73) 务农 40 (9.88) ≥45 117 (28.89) 务工、经商、公职 200 (49.38) 文化程度 婚姻状态 文盲及小学 154 (38.02) 已婚 237 (58.52) 中学 216 (53.33) 未婚 87 (21.48) 大专及以上 35 (8.64) 离异 81 (20.00) 罪名 检出率 涉黄 53 (13.09) HIV检出率 0 (0.00) 涉毒 54 (13.33) 梅毒检出率 0 (0.00) 其他 298 (73.58) 淋病检出率 0 (0.00) 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 2018年1月—2018年2月某监狱新入监女性服刑人员对于传染病知识回答正确率[n(%)]
Table 2. Correct response rate to infectious disease knowledge of newly admitted female prisoners in a prison from January to February 2018 [n(%)]
防治知识 干预前 干预后 χ2值 P值 淋病知晓率 淋病主要是通过性接触传播 242 (59.75) 376 (92.84) 122.576 < 0.001 乱性会增加淋病的发病率吗 276 (68.15) 402 (99.26) 143.689 < 0.001 淋病可以治愈吗 211 (52.10) 265 (65.43) 14.857 < 0.001 正确使用安全套，可以预防淋病的传播吗 234 (57.78) 274 (67.65) 8.448 0.004 淋病病人的性伴侣需要去医院检查治疗吗 313 (77.28) 396 (97.78) 77.924 < 0.001 淋病孕妇产道分娩时会导致新生儿淋病吗 108 (26.67) 301 (74.32) 183.964 < 0.001 与淋病病人一起吃饭等日常接触会传播淋病吗 204 (50.37) 341 (84.20) 105.265 < 0.001 梅毒知晓率 梅毒主要是通过性接触传播的吗 270 (66.67) 324 (80.00) 18.409 < 0.001 梅毒可以治愈吗 201 (49.63) 356 (87.90) 138.093 < 0.001 一个看上去健康的人会是梅毒病人吗 205 (50.62) 274 (67.65) 24.323 < 0.001 正确使用安全套，可以预防梅毒的传播吗 204 (50.37) 368 (90.86) 160.029 < 0.001 梅毒会增加AIDS的传播吗 124 (30.62) 248 (61.23) 76.438 < 0.001 梅毒病人的性伴侣需要去医院检查治疗吗 309 (76.30) 355 (87.65) 17.680 < 0.001 孕妇感染梅毒会传染给胎儿吗 155 (38.27) 289 (71.36) 89.502 < 0.001 与梅毒病人一起吃饭、握手等日常接触会传播梅毒吗 204 (50.37) 306 (75.56) 55.080 < 0.001 梅毒晚期是指侵害到神经系统，对吗 100 (24.69) 286 (70.62) 171.221 < 0.001 AIDS知晓率 中国AIDS的主要传播途径是性交 268 (66.17) 389 (96.05) 117.977 < 0.001 AIDS感染者做HIV抗体检测，结果可能为阴性 67 (16.54) 201 (49.63) 100.129 < 0.001 AIDS感染者，一般发病前感觉不到任何症状 167 (41.23) 315 (77.78) 112.224 < 0.001 为有效预防AIDS，应该对性伴的外表做认真检查 113 (27.90) 325 (80.25) 223.429 < 0.001 目前尚无有效方法能治愈AIDS 213 (52.59) 387 (95.56) 194.631 < 0.001 药物能延长从HIV感染到AIDS发病的时间 32 (7.90) 102 (25.19) 43.816 < 0.001 一个感染了HIV的人能从外表看出来吗 33 (8.15) 165 (40.74) 116.471 < 0.001 与HIV感染者共用卫生用具会传染AIDS吗 150 (37.04) 265 (65.43) 65.348 < 0.001 输入带有HIV的血液会得AIDS吗 313 (77.28) 357 (88.15) 16.718 < 0.001 与HIV感染者共用注射器有可能得AIDS吗 311 (76.79) 346 (85.43) 9.871 0.002 感染HIV的妇女生下的小孩有可能得AIDS吗 261 (64.44) 388 (95.80) 125.032 < 0.001 正确使用安全套可以降低HIV传播的风险吗 226 (55.80) 350 (86.42) 92.404 < 0.001 只与一个性伴发生性行为可降低AIDS传播的风险吗 186 (45.93) 312 (77.04) 82.764 < 0.001
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 2018年1月—2018年2月某监狱新入监女性服刑人员不同特征人群的传染病预防知识得分比较
Table 3. Comparison of scores of infectious disease prevention knowledge among new female prisoners with different characteristics in a prison from January to February 2018
疾病 变量 知识得分 单因素分析 多元线性回归分析 F值 P值 β值 t值 P值 淋病 文化程度 28.511 < 0.001 1.335 7.350 < 0.001 文盲及小学 2.45±0.35 中学 3.98±0.82 a 大专及以上 4.23±0.68 a 罪名 6.806 0.001 -0.509 3.511 < 0.001 涉黄 3.57±0.16 Ref 涉毒 4.37±0.69 0.604 1.560 0.120 其他 3.22±0.22 b -0.716 -2.360 0.019 梅毒 文化程度 34.709 < 0.001 1.750 7.589 < 0.001 文盲及小学 3.05±3.08 中学 5.06±2.24a 大专及以上 6.00±2.24 ab 罪名 6.857 0.001 -0.536 -2.891 0.004 涉黄 4.42±2.69 Ref 涉毒 5.65±2.33 a 1.021 2.090 0.037 其他 4.14±2.84 b -0.626 -1.622 0.106 AIDS 年龄(岁) 30.105 < 0.001 -0.912 -3.371 0.001 < 30 7.06±2.92 30~ < 45 6.98±3.23 ≥45 4.12±4.04 ab 文化程度 61.222 < 0.001 2.330 8.137 < 0.001 小学及文盲 3.94±3.91 中学 7.48±2.72 a 大专及以上 7.97±2.23 a 注：a为与同个指标第一组相比P < 0.05，b为与同个指标第二组相比P < 0.05。
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 张继伦, 张惠平, 杨滨, 等. 对犯法性乱吸毒人群进行性病艾滋病强制监管的探讨[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2001, 7(3): 178-179. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-5662.2001.03.018.Zhang JL, Zhang HP, Yang B, et al. Compulsory supervision of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS among illegal drug users[J]. J China AIDS/STD, 2001, 7(3): 178-179. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-5662.2001.03.018. [2] 高艳, 王天海. 北京市女性服刑人员艾滋病相关知识和态度现况调查[J]. 现代预防医学, 2009, 36(3): 489-491. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF200903037.htmGao Y, Wang TH. Survey of knowledge and attitude to aids among the female prisoners in Beijing City[J]. Mod Prev Med, 2009, 36(3): 489-491. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF200903037.htm [3] 中华人民共和国卫生部. 中国预防与控制梅毒规划(2010-2020)[EB/OL]. (2010-06-21)[2021-04-08]. http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2010-06/21/content_1632301.htm.Ministry of Health. The plan for the prevention and control of syphilis in China (2010-2020)[EB/OL]. (2010-06-21)[2021-04-08]. http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2010-06/21/content_1632301.htm. [4] 周红喜. 246例HIV/AIDS服刑人员乙肝、丙肝、梅毒感染情况分析研究[J]. 黑龙江医学, 2020, 44(10): 1393-1395. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5775.2020.10.028.Zhou HX. Analysis of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and syphilis infection in 246 HIV/AIDS prisoners[J]. Heilong Med Journal, 2020, 44(10): 1393-1395. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5775.2020.10.028. [5] 覃凤翔, 梁冰玉, 黄运轩, 等. 贵港市大龄女性性工作者艾滋病相关认知、行为和感染情况分析[J]. 广西医科大学学报, 2018, 35(4): 555-559. DOI: 10.16190/j.cnki.45-1211/r.2018.04.033.Qin FX, Liang BY, Huang YX, et al. Study on HIV related knowledge, behavior and infections among older female sex workers in Guigang[J]. J Guangxi Med Univ, 2018, 35(4): 555-559. DOI: 10.16190/j.cnki.45-1211/r.2018.04.033. [6] 许鸣, 王建, 温迎春, 等. 宣传教育在艾滋病防治工作中的实践与探索[J]. 中国初级卫生保健, 2020, 34(7): 86-89. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-568X.2020.07.0024.Xu M, Wang J, Wen YC, et al. Practical experience and exploration in the publicity and education of the prevention and treatment of AIDS[J]. Chin Prim Heal Care, 2020, 34(7): 86-89. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-568X.2020.07.0024. [7] 张啟文, 张金奖, 谢学军, 等. 监狱服刑HIV感染者/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗服药依从性的影响因素[J]. 职业与健康, 2019, 35(19): 2674-2677. DOI: 10.13329/j.cnki.zyyjk.2019.0712.Zhang QW, Zhang JJ, Xie XJ, et al. Influencing factors of antiviral therapy medication compliance in HIV-infected patients/AIDS patients in prison[J]. Occup Heal, 2019, 35(19): 2674-2677. DOI: 10.13329/j.cnki.zyyjk.2019.0712. -
点击查看大图
图(1) / 表(3)
计量
- 文章访问数: 399
- HTML全文浏览量: 146
- PDF下载量: 37
- 被引次数: 0