A study on the correlation between chronotype and quality of life among medical college students
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摘要:
目的 了解医学生的生活质量现况,探讨昼夜节律类型与生活质量的关系,为提高医学院校学生的健康水平提供科学依据。 方法 采用清晨-夜晚型量表(Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire 19, MEQ-19)和36题简明健康量表(Short Form 36, SF-36)对某医学院校2 400名医学生进行现场问卷调查。 结果 医学生生活质量总得分为(75.20±14.54)分。其中,躯体健康(physical component summary, PCS)和心理健康(mental component summary, MCS)得分分别为(81.19 ±15.50)分和(69.21±16.82)分,精神健康维度(mental health, MH)得分最低[(64.61±16.06)分]。多重线性回归分析发现,昼夜节律倾向于夜晚型的医学生PCS (校正后:β=-3.478,t=-5.169,P < 0.001)和MCS(校正后:β=-4.357,t=-6.030,P < 0.001)领域得分低于中间型的医学生。 结论 医学生的生活质量不高,特别是心理健康领域;睡眠节律倾向于夜晚型的医学生生活质量低,学校应加强对医学生作息时间的管理, 提高他们的生活质量。 Abstract:Objective This paper aims to understand the current situation of the quality of life of medical college students and to explore the relationship between chronotype and quality of life, to provide a scientific basis for improving the health level of medical college students. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 400 medical students in a medical college using Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire 19 (MEQ-19) and Short Form 36 (SF-36). Results The total score of quality of life of medical students was (75.20 ±14.54) points, the scores of physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) were (81.19±15.50) points and (69.21±16.82) points, respectively. The score of mental health (MH) was the lowest (64.61±16.06) points. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the PCS score (after adjustment: β=-3.478, t=-5.169, P < 0.001) and MCS score (after correction: β=-4.357, t=-6.030, P < 0.001) of quality of life among medical students whose sleep rhythm tends to be evening types were lower than that of neutral types. Conclusions The quality of life of medical students is not high, especially in the field of mental health. The quality of life of medical students whose sleep rhythm tends to be evening types is low. The school should strengthen the management of rest time to improve the quality of life among medical students. -
Key words:
- Chronotype /
- Sleep /
- Medical students /
- Quality of life
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表 1 医学生生活质量各维度得分与常模比较(x±s)
Table 1. Comparison of medical students' quality of life dimension scores with the norm (x±s)
具体维度 平均得分(n=2 231) 常模[9] (n=751) PCS得分(分) 81.19±15.50 79.36±17.00 PF 89.25±16.92 89.01±15.73 RP 80.87±31.38 81.99±31.65 BP 83.81±19.09 80.40±19.79 GH 70.81±18.44 66.03±20.87 MCS得分(分) 69.21±16.82 77.00±17.42 VT 67.27±15.42 71.15±18.09 SF 78.63±16.74 84.60±18.15 RE 66.31±39.73 77.04±35.45 MH 64.61±16.06 75.23±16.69 SF-36总体情况 75.20±14.54 78.18±15.88 注:对比研究中所引用的常模值是Chen等[9]开展大样本的一般人群健康相关生命质量调查结果。 表 2 生活质量在不同特征的医学生之间比较(x±s)
Table 2. Comparison of quality of life among medical students with different characteristics (x±s)
变量 例数(n) PCS得分(分) t/F值 P值 MCS得分(分) t/F值 P值 性别 -2.025 0.043 0.056 0.956 男 1 004 80.44 ±16.39 69.23 ±17.29 女 1 227 81.79 ±14.71 69.19 ±16.42 年级 6.991 0.001 7.794 < 0.001 大一 950 82.59 ±14.71 a 70.76 ±16.47 a 大二 833 79.95 ±16.18 b 68.46 ±17.03 b 大三 448 80.52 ±15.64 b 67.30 ±16.88 b 近半学期在班级成绩 16.735 < 0.001 13.259 < 0.001 上等 1 119 81.95 ±14.40 a 69.67 ±16.36 a 中等 817 81.88 ±15.94 a 70.23 ±16.81 a 下等 295 76.36 ±17.37 b 64.58 ±17.83 b 学习负担 17.819 < 0.001 48.329 < 0.001 轻度 1 050 83.25 ±14.57 a 72.58 ±16.03 a 中度 159 79.31 ±17.71 b 70.68 ±16.16 b 重度 1 022 79.36 ±15.81 b 65.51 ±16.96 b 吸烟 2.971 0.004 1.783 0.075 否 2 157 81.41 ±15.31 69.32 ±16.80 是 74 74.66 ±19.35 65.78 ±16.92 饮酒 3.654 < 0.001 2.261 0.024 否 2 097 81.57 ±15.12 69.41 ±16.70 是 134 75.23 ±19.71 66.02 ±18.25 昼夜节律类型 18.646 < 0.001 28.421 < 0.001 夜晚型 1 335 79.58 ±15.93 a 67.07 ±17.04 a 中间型 846 83.45 ±14.53 b 72.21 ±15.89 b 清晨型 50 85.75 ±14.19 b 75.41 ±17.00 b 注:a, bP < 0.05;b, bP < 0.05。 表 3 医学生昼夜节律类型与生活质量的多重线性回归分析
Table 3. Multiple linear regression analysis of circadian rhythm type and quality of life among medical students
变量 模型1 模型2 均值a 标准误a β值 sx值 Beta值 t值 P值 β值 sx值 Beta值 t值 P值 PCS得分 中间型 83.207 0.524 夜晚型 -3.870 0.676 -0.122 -5.726 < 0.001 -3.478 0.673 -0.110 -5.169 < 0.001 79.730 0.416 清晨型 2.301 2.238 0.022 1.028 0.304 2.637 2.208 0.025 1.194 0.232 85.844 2.145 MCS得分 中间型 71.728 0.563 夜晚型 -5.147 0.730 -0.150 -7.050 < 0.001 -4.357 0.722 -0.127 -6.030 < 0.001 67.372 0.447 清晨型 3.201 2.418 0.028 1.324 0.186 3.733 2.371 0.033 1.514 0.116 75.461 2.303 注:模型1:未校正因素;模型2:校正性别、年龄、最近半学期在班级成绩、学习负担、吸烟和饮酒;a协方差分析调整上述变量之后的PCS和MCS的数值。 -
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