Study on the relationship between reduced short-term memory and peripheral blood Aβ1-42 protein concentration in occupationally people who were exposed to 50 Hz power frequency electromagnetic field
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摘要:
目的 研究50 Hz工频电磁场致职业暴露人群短时记忆力降低与外周血中Aβ1-42(beta-amyloid peptide 1-42)蛋白浓度的关系。 方法 选取51名火电厂电气运行人员为暴露组，26名同厂行政办公人员为对照组，两组人员均进行短时记忆力测试，同时测定外周血中Aβ1-42蛋白浓度，比较两组中相关指标的差异及相关性。 结果 暴露组8 h时间加权平均电场强度为1.690 kV/m，磁场强度为4.578 μT。对照组8 h时间加权平均电场强度为0.008 kV/m，磁场强度为0.026 μT。两组人员数字跨度得分暴露组低于对照组(t=3.702，P < 0.001)；暴露组失眠出现率(15.69%)和记忆力减退出现率(21.57%)均高于对照组(均有P < 0.05)；三项情感状态指标得分暴露组低于对照组：愤怒-敌意(t=2.239，P=0.028)、疲劳-惰性(t=2.024，P=0.047)、困惑-迷茫(t=2.489，P=0.015)；外周血中Aβ1-42蛋白浓度(pg/mL)暴露组高于对照组(t=-2.414，P=0.018)。数字跨度得分与Aβ1-42蛋白浓度的变化并未发现相关关系(r=-0.173，P=0.133)。 结论 50 Hz工频电磁场可致职业人群短时记忆力损伤，并引起外周血中Aβ1-42蛋白浓度变化，但两者之间是否存在因果关系尚需进一步研究确定。 Abstract:Objective To study the relationship between reduced short-term memory and peripheral blood Aβ1-42 protein concentration induced by a 50 Hz power frequency electromagnetic field. Methods Fifty-one thermal power plant electrical operators were selected as the exposure group, and twenty-six administrative staffs of the same plant were selected as the control group. Both groups were tested for short-term memory, and the concentration of Aβ1-42 protein in peripheral blood was measured simultaneously. The correlation between the two groups was compared. Results The 8 h time-weighted average intensity of the exposed group was 1.690 kV/m, and the magnetic field intensity was 4.578 μT. In the control group, the average electric field strength was 0.008 kV/m, and the magnetic field strength was 0.026 μT for 8h time-weighted average electric field intensity. The digit span score of the two groups in the exposed group was significantly lower than that in the control group (t=3.702, P < 0.001); the incidence of autonomic symptoms of insomnia (15.69%) and memory loss (21.57%) in the exposed group was significantly higher than the control group (all P < 0.05); the scores of three emotional state indicators in the exposed group were significantly lower than those in the control group, which incllding anger-hostility (t=2.239, P=0.028), fatigue-inert (t=2.024, P=0.047), and confusion-confusion (t=2.489, P=0.015); Aβ1-42 protein concentration in peripheral blood (pg/mL) with significantly higher in exposure group when compared to the control group (t=-2.414, P=0.018). No correlation was found between digital span scores and changes in Aβ1-42 protein concentration (r=-0.173, P=0.133). Conclusions 50 Hz power frequency electromagnetic field can cause short-term memory impairment in the occupational population and change the concentration of Aβ1-42 protein in peripheral blood. However, the causal relationship between them needs further study. -
表 1 研究对象分布情况
Table 1. Distribution of the research subjects
个体特征 暴露组 对照组 合计 χ2/t值 P值 性别 6.708 0.010 男 37 11 48 女 14 15 29 吸烟情况 1.512 0.219 吸烟 30 19 49 不吸烟 21 7 28 饮酒情况 0.007 0.935 饮酒 26 13 39 不饮酒 25 13 38 年龄(x±s，岁) 43±8 43±8 -0.106 0.916 
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表 2 不同组别的自主症状差异情况
Table 2. Differences in autonomous symptoms between different groups
症状 暴露组 对照组 P值a N n % N n % 头晕 51 2 3.92 26 1 3.85 1.000 嗜睡 51 5 9.80 26 0 0.00 0.161 易醒 51 9 17.65 26 1 3.85 0.151 易疲劳 51 8 15.69 26 5 19.23 0.752 易激动 51 5 9.80 26 2 7.69 1.000 失眠 51 8 15.69 26 0 0.00 0.046 b 多梦 51 11 21.57 26 1 3.85 0.051 记忆力减退 51 11 21.57 26 0 0.00 0.013 b 注意力不集中 51 7 13.73 26 0 0.00 0.088 注：a表示计算精确概率; b表示双侧检验P < 0.05。
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表 3 情感状态和神经行为的得分比较
Table 3. Comparison of scores between emotional state and neuro-behavioral
测试项目 暴露组 对照组 P值 标准化系数Beta 校正P值a N 得分(x±s, 分) N 得分(x±s, 分) 紧张-焦虑 51 42.1±7.2 26 44.7±4.0 0.085 0.237 0.063 愤怒-敌意 51 42.6±8.0 26 45.8±4.6 0.067 0.273 0.028 疲劳-惰性 51 42.0±7.9 26 45.3±3.7 0.014 0.249 0.047 抑郁-沮丧 51 43.8±7.2 26 46.2±4.7 0.083 0.206 0.107 有力-好动 51 57.7±4.6 26 59.3±4.2 0.132 0.095 0.413 困惑-迷茫 51 41.3±7.2 26 45.1±3.7 0.003 0.302 0.015 数字译码 51 58.9±2.3 26 59.6±2.2 0.176 0.110 0.310 目标追踪 51 58.6±2.8 26 58.0±2.6 0.424 -0.093 0.417 数字跨度 51 58.6±1.8 26 59.8±2.0 ＜0.001 0.361 ＜0.001 注：a利用多元线性回归方程，校正性别、吸烟、饮酒、年龄、文化程度等协变量后得出暴露组与对照组比较的P值。
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表 4 外周血中蛋白因子浓度差异分析
Table 4. Analysis of difference in protein factor concentration in peripheral blood
测试项目 暴露组 对照组 P值 标准化系数β 校正P值a N 浓度(x±s, pg/mL) N 浓度(x±s, pg/mL) Aβ1-42 51 401.6±87.5 26 351.0±90.2 0.020 -0.288 0.018 注：a利用多元线性回归方程，校正性别、吸烟、饮酒、年龄、文化程度后得出暴露组与对照组比较的P值。
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表 5 外周血中Aβ1-42蛋白浓度与数字跨度相关性分析
Table 5. Correlation analysis of Aβ1-42 protein concentration and digit span
项目 N 结果(x±s) r值 P值 暴露组 对照组 N 结果(x±s) r值 P值 N 结果(x±s) r值 P值 Aβ1-42(pg/mL) 77 384.5±6.1 51 401.6±87.5 26 351.0±90.2 数字跨度(分) 77 59.0±0.1 -0.173 0.133 51 58.6±1.8 -1.050 0.463 26 59.8±2.0 -0.058 0.779
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