A study on the correlation between residents' health literacy and knowledge of disease prevention and control
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摘要:
目的 调查居民健康文化素养现状及其与疾病防控知识的相关性，为提升居民疾病防控知识水平及能力提出科学建议。 方法 通过在线问卷，调查居民健康文化素养与疾病防控知识水平，并采用线性回归分析模型分析居民健康文化素养对疾病防控知识水平的影响。 结果 居民健康文化素养达标率为27.1%，女性健康文化素养得分为(50.1 ±13.6)分，高于男性[(45.0 ±17.5)分](P < 0.05)。居民疾病防控综合知识达标率为17.4%，其中传染病防控知识和慢性非传染性疾病防控知识达标率分别为26.0%和16.0%。健康文化素养中基本知识与理念(β=0.34, 95% CI: 0.30~0.37)、健康生活方式与行为(β=0.40, 95% CI: 0.35~0.44)对疾病防控知识水平影响最大。 结论 居民健康文化素养水平及达标率较低；居民健康文化素养对居民疾病防控知识水平有显著影响；建议提升居民健康文化素养，以提高居民疾病防控知识水平及能力。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the health literacy (HL) status among residents and its correlation with their knowledge level of disease prevention and control, so as to provide scientific suggestions for improving their knowledge and ability of disease prevention and control. Methods The residents′ HL and their knowledge level of disease prevention and control were investigated through an online questionnaire. A linear regression model was used to analyze the impact of HL on the knowledge level of disease prevention and control. Results The percentage of residents reaching the standard was 27.1% in HL score. Female residents exhibited significantly higher HL scores (50.1±13.6) compared with their male counterparts (45.0±17.5, P < 0.05). The percentage of residents reaching the standard was 17.4%, 26.0% and 16.0% in comprehensive knowledge of disease prevention and control, knowledge of infectious disease and chronic disease, respectively. Basic knowledge and concepts, as well as healthy lifestyle and behaviors in HL, had the most significant impact on the knowledge level of disease prevention and control (β=0.34, 95% CI: 0.30-0.37 and β=0.40, 95% CI: 0.35-0.44, respectively). Conclusions The percentage of residents reaching the standard was relatively low in HL score. The residents′ HL had a significant impact on their knowledge level of disease prevention and control. Therefore, it is suggested to enhance residents′ HL to improve their knowledge and ability of disease prevention and control. -
Key words:
- Health literacy /
- Disease prevention and control /
- Correlation /
- Influencing factors
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表 1 不同社会人口学特征人群健康文化素养和疾病防控综合知识得分
Table 1. Scores of health literacy and disease prevention and control comprehensive knowledge of residents with different social demographic characteristics
变量Variable 人数
Number of people健康文化素养(总分值73分)
Health literacy (total score 73 points)疾病防控综合知识(总分值22分)
Comprehensive knowledge of disease prevention and control (total score 22 points)均值Mean value
(x±s)/
[M(P25, P75)]P值
value均值Mean value
(x±s)/
[M(P25, P75)]P值
value性别Gender 0.003 ① < 0.001 ① 男Male 185 45.0±17.5 13.0(9.0, 16.0) 女Female 420 50.1±13.6 15.0(12.3, 17.0) 年龄组/岁Age group/year 0.038 0.011 ① < 30 375 49.1±14.9 15.0(12.0, 17.0) 30~ < 60 223 48.1±15.2 14.0(11.0, 17.0) ≥60 7 34.9±14.8 8.0(7.0, 13.0) 民族Nation 0.933 ① 0.751 ① 汉族Han 578 53.0(44.0, 59.0) 14.5(12.0, 17.0) 少数民族Minority 27 55.0(39.0, 59.0) 15.0(9.0, 17.0) 居住地Residence 0.119 0.005 ① 农村Rural 362 47.7±14.9 14.0(11.0, 16.0) 城市Urban 213 49.4±15.6 15.0(12.0, 17.0) 城郊Suburb 30 52.9±13.1 16.0(13.8, 17.0) 文化程度Educational level < 0.001 ① < 0.001 ① 小学及以下Primary school and below 19 46.0(25.0, 54.0) 13.0(6.0, 15.0) 初中Junior high school 66 45.5(36.0, 52.0) 12.5(8.8, 14.0) 高中/中专Senior high school/technical secondary school 74 51.5(38.8, 58.0) 14.0(10.0, 16.0) 大专/本科College/undergraduate 414 54.0(48.0, 59.0) 15.0(13.0, 17.0) 研究生及以上Graduate and above 32 58.5(37.2, 63.0) 17.0(11.3, 18.8) 月收入水平/元Month income level/yuan 0.595 0.459 ① < 2 000 303 48.7±14.9 15.0(12.0, 17.0) 2 000~≤10 000 240 47.9±15.3 14.0(11.0, 17.0) >10 000 62 50.0±15.1 14.5(11.8, 18.0) 合计Total 605 48.6±15.1 13.6±4.5 注：①组间比较采用Mann-whitney U检验。
Note: ① Mann-whitney U test was used for comparison between groups.
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表 2 居民疾病防控知识水平及其达标率
Table 2. Residents′ knowledge of disease prevention and control and the percentage of residents reaching the standard
疾病类型及其相关防控知识
Disease types and related prevention and control knowledge[达标人数(占比/%)]/(x±s)
[Number of residents reaching the standard(proportion/%)]/(x±s)传染病Infectious disease 流行性感冒Influenza 423(69.8) 乙型病毒性肝炎Viral hepatitis B 392(64.8) 结核病Tuberculosis 352(58.2) 狂犬病病毒感染Rabies virus infection 541(89.4) 疫苗接种Vaccination 498(82.3) 生活方式与行为Lifestyle and behavior 229(37.9) 传染病防控知识得分(总分值8分)/分Knowledge score of infectious disease prevention and control(total 8 points)/points 5.1±2.0 传染病防控知识达标数Number of persons qualified with infectious disease prevention and control knowledge 157(26.0) 慢性非传染性疾病Chronic noncommunicable diseases 高血压Hypertension 250(41.3) 恶性肿瘤Malignant tumor 429(70.9) 肥胖Adiposis 482(79.7) 骨质疏松症Osteoporosis 28(4.6) 抑郁症Depression 582(96.2) 饮食Diet 398(65.7) 吸烟Smoking 409(67.6) 运动Sports 464(76.7) 慢性非传染性疾病防控知识得分(总分值14分)/分
Knowledge score of chronic noncommunicable diseases prevention and control(total 14 points)/points8.5±3.0 慢性非传染性疾病防控知识达标数
Number of persons qualified with chronic noncommunicable diseases prevention and control knowledge97(16.0) 疾病防控综合知识得分(总分值22分)/分Comprehensive knowledge scores of disease prevention and control(total 22 points)/points 13.6±4.5 疾病防控综合知识达标数Number of persons qualified with Comprehensive knowledge of disease prevention and control 105(17.4)
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表 3 不同维度的健康文化素养对疾病防控知识水平的影响
Table 3. The influence of different dimensions of health literacy on knowledge level of disease prevention and control
疾病防控知识水平
Knowledge level of disease prevention and control健康文化素养不同维度
Different dimensions of health literacyβ值
valueβadj值
valuet值
value95% CI P值
value传染病防控知识
Knowledge of infectious disease prevention and control基本知识与理念
Basic knowledge and concepts0.13 0.13 8.897 0.10~0.16 < 0.001 健康生活方式与行为
Healthy lifestyle and behavior0.12 0.13 6.911 0.09~0.16 < 0.001 健康技能Health skill 0.01 0 -0.020 -0.05~0.05 0.984 慢性非传染性疾病防控知识
Knowledge of chronic noncommunicable diseases prevention and control基本知识与理念
Basic knowledge and concepts0.20 0.20 12.678 0.17~0.24 < 0.001 健康生活方式与行为
Healthy lifestyle and behavior0.28 0.27 13.945 0.23~0.31 < 0.001 健康技能Health skill -0.02 -0.02 -0.670 -0.06~0.03 0.503 疾病防控综合知识
Comprehensive knowledge of disease prevention and control基本知识与理念
Basic knowledge and concept0.34 0.34 18.792 0.30~0.37 < 0.001 健康生活方式与行为
Healthy lifestyle and behavior0.40 0.40 18.259 0.35~0.44 < 0.001 健康技能Health skill -0.01 -0.02 -0.615 -0.07~0.04 0.539
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