Abstract: Objective To estimate the association between the metacognitive ability and auditory memory function in patients with schizophrenia. Methods The meta-cognitive ability and auditory memory function of 60 patients with stablized schizophrenia and 42 patients with neurosis were evaluated using the revised metacognitive assessment scale abbreviated(MAS-A) and the auditory verbal memory test(AVMT), respectively. Meanwhile, the symptoms of patients with schizophrenia were assessed by the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). Results Compared with the patients with neurosis, patients with schizophrenia had significantly lower scores on the MAS-A total score(12.58±3.64 vs 8.77±3.37), the subscores of self-reflectivity (4.74±1.29 vs 3.42±1.13), understanding of others (3.29±1.03 vs, 2.43±1.07), decentration (1.04±0.74 vs 0.43±0.54), and mastery (3.52±1.24 vs 2.50±1.14) (all P<0.001). Correlation analysis showed that there were significantly positive association of the MAS-A total score with the scores of immediate memory2(r=0.340), immediate memory3(r=0.270) and delayed memory(r=0.345) (all P<0.05) of the AVMT in patients with schizophrenia. However, after adjusting for the PANSS total score and illness duration, the significant relationship between MAS-A total score and AVMT scores reduced to marginally significant. Conclusions Patients with schizophrenia have general deficits in metacognition. The relationship between the metacognitive ability and auditory memory function may be affected by symptom severity and illness duration.