Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive intervention measures on children fall injury prevention, so as to provide experience for the future fall injury prevention promotion programs. Methods Using stratified sampling method, 11 primary schools were randomly selected in Shanghai, then students of 1th grade to 3th grade were recruited from these schools, two years later, questionnaire survey was conducted among these students to understand the condition of their knowledge of children's fall injury. Results After intervention, fall injury prevention awareness rate of the intervention group was increased from 77.53% to 92.78% (χ²=354.50,P<0.001), difference in differences(DID)analysis showed net effect was relatively increased by 45% (Z=4.08,P<0.001), awareness rate warming up before exercise increased from 91.26% to 98.65% (χ²=174.73,P<0.001),the net effect was relatively increased by 46%. Rides risk identify behavior increased from 83.32% to 90.55% (χ²=70.89,P<0.001), the net effect was relatively increased by 44%, dangerous environment improvement increased from 87.62% to 89.42% (χ²=4.97,P=0.022), the net effect was relatively increased by 34%.Before intervention, the fall injury incidence of control group and intervention group was 6.32% and 6.15% respectively, there was no significant difference (χ²=0.08,P=0.770). The fall injury incidence of control group was 8.56% after the intervention, the incidence of intervention group fell to 4.33%, the net effect relatively dropped by 69%. Conclusions It is multi-field and multi-level to effectively reduce the incidence of fall injury, which needs comprehensive interventions, such as health education, environmental transformation, policy innovation, etc.