Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status on the incidence of unintentional injury proneness among pupil in Daguan county, analyze its influencing factors, and to provide the theoretical basis for the personalized intervention of high-risk groups. Methods Totally 1 084 students of grade 4-6 from 5 primary schools in Daguan county were selected by using stratified random cluster sampling method and surveyed with questionnaire. Results Totally 114 students had injury proneness in 1 084 respondents and the incidence rate was 10.5%. The sharp instrument injury ranked highest among all types of children unintentional injury proneness. The passing rate of injury knowledge score was 50.9%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that the protective factors related to unintentional injury were primary school in town (OR=0.655,95% CI:0.450-0.953), maternal level of education for the university(OR=0.483,95% CI:0.295-0.790); the risk factors of unintentional injury were male (OR=1.706,95% CI:1.314-2.215) and left-behind students (OR=1.646,95% CI:1.216-2.228); the protective factors of unintentional injury proneness were maternal level of education for the university(OR=0.406, 95% CI:0.223-0.739), high school and secondary vocational school(OR=0.388,CI:0.155-0.972). Conclusions The risk factors of unintentional injury is relatively clear among pupils in Daguan county, in the course of injury intervention, we should pay attention to high-risk groups, and increase the investment from government of Daguan county especially in economically underdeveloped areas.