摘要:
目的 采用Meta分析评价我国学龄前儿童（3~6岁）伤害发生情况，为减少3~6岁儿童伤害发生提供依据。方法 系统检索PubMed、知网、万方、维普、中国生物文献数据库，搜集学龄前儿童伤害发生率的研究文献，采用R 3.2.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 29项研究共45 022人纳入研究。学龄前儿童伤害人数及人次数发生率的合并效应值依次为16.05%（95%CI：11.06%~21.75%）、23.66%（95%CI：15.56%~34.27%）。亚组分析结果显示：男童和女童伤害人数发生率分别为20.94%、17.19%；东、中、西部地区分别为9.69%、19.79%、28.34%；1996版、2004版、1986版美国国家卫生统计中心伤害标准分别为16.94%、2.38%、13.18%。男童和女童的伤害人次数发生率分别为22.44%、13.99%；东、中、西部地区分别为19.45%、25.47%、35.00%，差异在亚组间均有统计学意义（均有P<0.05）。结论 性别、地区和伤害判定标准不同，学龄前儿童伤害发生率会有差别。今后要对男童及西部地区儿童给予重点关注，同时还需采取有效措施预防和控制伤害的发生。
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate incidence rate of injuries among preschool children (3-6 years old) in China using meta-analysis, and to provide evidences for preventing injuries. Methods Data was searched from National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG DATA, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP), China Biology Medicine disc (CBM) and PubMed. Observational studies associated with the incidence rate of injuries were included. R 3.2.3 software was used to estimate pooled incidence rate. Subgroup analysis was performed by gender, region and injury standards. Sensitivity analysis has conducted to evaluate the impact of research type and quality. Results Twenty-nine studies were included in this meta-analysis, with a total sample size of 45 022. The combined incidence rate of injuries was 16.05%(95% CI:11.06%-21.75%) for injured persons and 23.66% (95% CI:15.56%-34.27%) for times of injuries. Subgroup analysis showed that incidence rate of injuries were 20.94% for boys and 17.19% for girls. 9.69%, 19.79% and 28.34% injury cases were respectively reported in eastern, central and western region. 16.94%, 2.38% and 13.18% were respectively the injury standard of 1996, 2004 and 1986 National Center for Health Statistics in USA. The total injuries times rate were 22.44% for boys and 13.99% for girls, 19.45%, 25.47% and 35.00% were from eastern, central and western region. The differences among each subgroup were significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions The incidence of injuries among preschool children varied in genders, regions and injury standards. We should pay more attention to boys and children from western regions. At the same time, effective measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of injuries.
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