• 中国精品科技期刊
  • 《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录期刊
  • RCCSE 中国核心期刊(5/114,A+)
  • Scopus收录期刊
  • 美国《化学文摘》(CA)收录期刊
  • WHO 西太平洋地区医学索引(WPRIM)收录期刊
  • 《中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)》核心库期刊 (C)
  • 中国科技核心期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊
  • 《日本科学技术振兴机构数据库(中国)》(JSTChina)收录期刊
  • 美国《乌利希期刊指南》(UIrichsweb)收录期刊
  • 中华预防医学会系列杂志优秀期刊(2019年)

留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

中国四年级学生超重/肥胖流行情况及其影响因素

申艳芳 胡晨蕾 王卫东 毛延新 胡以松 唐丽娜

申艳芳, 胡晨蕾, 王卫东, 毛延新, 胡以松, 唐丽娜. 中国四年级学生超重/肥胖流行情况及其影响因素[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2024, 28(8): 884-889. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.08.003
引用本文: 申艳芳, 胡晨蕾, 王卫东, 毛延新, 胡以松, 唐丽娜. 中国四年级学生超重/肥胖流行情况及其影响因素[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2024, 28(8): 884-889. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.08.003
SHEN Yanfang, HU Chenle, WANG Weidon, MAO Yanxin, HU Yisong, TANG Lina. Analysis of the prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity in fourth grade students in China[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2024, 28(8): 884-889. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.08.003
Citation: SHEN Yanfang, HU Chenle, WANG Weidon, MAO Yanxin, HU Yisong, TANG Lina. Analysis of the prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity in fourth grade students in China[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2024, 28(8): 884-889. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.08.003

中国四年级学生超重/肥胖流行情况及其影响因素

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2024.08.003
基金项目: 

中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目成果 10XNN002

详细信息
    通讯作者:

    唐丽娜,E-mail: leana@ruc.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: R181.3

Analysis of the prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity in fourth grade students in China

Funds: 

the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, and the Research Funds of Renmin University of China 10XNN002

More Information
  • 摘要:   目的   分析中国四年级学生超重/肥胖流行情况,探讨影响学生超重/肥胖的因素。   方法   利用2018年中国教育追踪调查(China education panel survey, CEPS)小学队列数据进行分析,最终纳入分析的四年级学生共29 996人。采用χ2检验比较不同特征学生超重/肥胖率差异,并利用logistic回归分析模型分析影响超重/肥胖的因素。   结果   四年级学生的超重/肥胖率为22.4%,超重率和肥胖率分别为12.3%和10.1%。Logistic回归分析模型分析显示,男生的超重/肥胖率高于女生(OR=2.60, 95% CI: 2.43~2.78, P < 0.001),分别为29.2%和14.6%;11岁组学生的超重/肥胖率低于10岁组(OR=0.81, 95% CI: 0.76~0.87, P < 0.001),分别为20.9%和23.8%;在城市学校就读的学生超重/肥胖率高于在农村学校就读的学生(OR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.31~1.60, P < 0.001),分别为23.7%和15.3%;独生子女的超重/肥胖率高于非独生子女(OR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.33~1.52, P < 0.001);有体育运动爱好的学生超重/肥胖率低于无体育运动爱好的学生(OR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.69~0.79, P < 0.001);不吃早饭的频率越高,学生超重/肥胖的风险越大;吃油炸/烧烤/膨化食品的频率越高,学生超重/肥胖的风险越大。   结论   学校应科学指导四年级学生合理搭配膳食,保持健康饮食,促进学生主动增加体育运动时间。应加强对男学生, 城市就读学生, 独生子女等高危人群关注和精准预防。
  • 表  1  不同社会人口学特征四年级学生超重及肥胖率情况

    Table  1.   Prevalence of overweight and obesity among fourth grade students by different demographic characteristics

    特征  Characteristic 总人数  Total number of people 超重  Overweight 肥胖  Obesity χ2值 value P值 value
    个人特征  Personal characteristic
      性别  Gender 927.435 < 0.001
        男  Male 15 938 2 629(16.5) 2 026(12.7)
        女  Female 14 058 1 063(7.6) 991(7.0)
      年龄/岁  Age/years 49.640 < 0.001
        10 15 318 1 936(12.6) 1 711(11.2)
        11 14 678 1 756(12.0) 1 306(8.9)
      是否为独生子女  Only child or not 262.816 < 0.001
        否  No 20 926 2 311(11.0) 1 838(8.8)
        是  Yes 8 774 1 342(15.3) 1 148(13.1)
    家庭环境  Family environment
      母亲受教育年限  Mother′s years of education 32.444 < 0.001
        平均教育年以下  Below average years of education 14 829 1 707(11.5) 1 407(9.5)
        平均教育年以上  Above average years of education 14 429 1 892(13.1) 1 538(10.7)
      父亲受教育年限  Father′s years of education 15.167 0.001
        平均教育年以下  Below average years of education 13 736 1 595(11.6) 1 344(9.8)
        平均教育年以上  Above average years of education 15 522 2 004(12.9) 1 601(10.3)
      家庭年收入  Annual household income/10 000 yuan 98.279 < 0.001
        ≤2 5 988 594(9.9) 488(8.2)
        >2~5 5 287 643(12.2) 544(10.3)
        >5~10 7 083 909(12.8) 807(11.4)
        >10 7 032 974(13.8) 726(10.3)
    学校环境 School environment
      是否有室内体育馆 Whether there is an indoor stadium 21.832 < 0.001
        无  No 22 615 2 703(12.0) 2 192(9.7)
        有  Yes 7 181 955(13.3) 788(11.0)
      学校所在地区  School location 161.054 < 0.001
        农村  Rural 4 758 411(8.6) 319(6.7)
        城市  Urban 25238 3 281(13.0) 2 698(10.7)
    生活方式  Life style
      体育运动爱好  Sports hobby 45.455 < 0.001
        无  No 18 557 2 154(11.6) 2 002(10.8)
        有  Yes 11 348 1 527(13.5) 1 006(8.9)
      吃早饭情况 Breakfast eating habits 69.557 < 0.001
        每天都吃 Eat every day 20 553 2 448(11.9) 1 913(9.3)
        偶尔不吃  Occasionally do not eat 4 574 625(13.7) 556(12.2)
        有时不吃  Sometimes do not eat 2 732 327(12.0) 301(11.0)
        经常不吃  Often do not eat 847 117(13.8) 108(12.8)
        几乎不吃  Hardly eat 722 103(14.3) 85(11.8)
      吃油炸/烧烤/膨化食品  Eat fried/grilled/puffed food 144.289 < 0.001
        从不  Never 5 159 508(9.8) 423(8.2)
        很少  Seldom 15 336 1 846(12.0) 1 488(9.7)
        有时  Sometimes 7 274 1 008(13.9) 8 22(11.3)
        经常  Often 1 285 207(16.1) 168(13.1)
        总是  Always 565 79(14.0) 85(15.0)
      喝含糖/碳酸饮料  Drink sugary/carbonated beverages 48.557 < 0.001
        从不  Never 3 928 432(11.0) 374(9.5)
        很少  Seldom 14 322 1 723(12.0) 1 360(9.5)
        有时  Sometimes 8 357 1 070(12.8) 887(10.6)
        经常  Often 2 032 280(13.8) 237(11.7)
        总是  Always 800 105(13.1) 114(14.2)
    注:①以人数(占比/%)表示。
    Note: ① Number of people (proportion/%).
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  超重/肥胖的多因素logistic回归分析

    Table  2.   Multivariate logistic regression analysis on risk factors of overweight and obesity

    变量 Variable OR值 value (95% CI) sx Wald χ2值 value P值 value
    个人特征 Personal characteristic
      性别 Gender
        女 Female 1.00
        男  Male 2.60(2.43~2.78) 0.09 27.52 < 0.001
      年龄/岁  Age/years
        10 1.00
        11 0.81(0.76~0.87) 0.03 -6.38 < 0.001
      是否为独生子女 Only child or not
        否  No 1.00
        是 Yes 1.42(1.33~1.52) 0.05 10.14 < 0.001
      家庭年收入 Annual household income/10 000 yuan
        ≤2 1.00
        >2~5 1.17(1.06~1.29) 0.06 3.07 0.002
        >5~10 1.20(1.09~1.32) 0.06 3.80 < 0.001
        >10 1.16(1.05~1.29) 0.06 2.88 0.004
      学校所在地区  School location
        农村  Rural 1.00
        城市  Urban 1.45(1.31~1.60) 0.08 7.15 < 0.001
    生活方式 Life-style
      体育运动爱好 Sports hobby
        无 No 1.00
        有  Yes 0.74(0.69~0.79) 0.02 -8.95 < 0.001
      吃早饭情况  Breakfast eating habits
        每天都吃  Eat every day 1.00
        偶尔不吃  Occasionally do not eat 1.35(1.24-1.47) 0.06 6.80 < 0.001
        有时不吃  Sometimes do not eat 1.25(1.11~1.40) 0.07 3.81 < 0.001
        经常不吃 Often do not eat 1.42(1.18~1.71) 0.13 3.76 < 0.001
        几乎不吃  Hardly eat 1.41(1.15~1.72) 0.14 3.37 0.001
      吃油炸/烧烤/膨化食品 Eat fried/grilled/puffed food
        从不  Never 1.00
        很少 Seldom 1.22(1.11~1.34) 0.06 3.99 < 0.001
        有时 Sometimes 1.35(1.21~1.51) 0.08 5.27 < 0.001
        经常  Often 1.55(1.30~1.84) 0.14 4.87 < 0.001
        总是 Always 1.50(1.16~1.93) 0.19 3.15 0.002
    下载: 导出CSV
  • [1] 中国营养学会肥胖防控分会, 中国营养学会临床营养分会, 中华预防医学会行为健康分会等. 中国居民肥胖防治专家共识[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2022, 43(5): 609-626. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220402-00253.

    Chinese Nutrition Society Obesity Prevention and Control Section, Chinese Nutrition Society Clinical Nutrition Section, Chinese Preventive Medicine Association Behavioral Health Section, et al. Expert consensus on obesity prevention and preatment in China [J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2022, 43(5): 609-626. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220402-00253.
    [2] Luo D, Ma N, Liu Y, et al. Long-term trends and urban-rural disparities in the physical growth of children and adolescents in China: an analysis of five national school surveys over three decades [J]. Lancet Child Adolesc Health, 2023, 7(11): 762-772. DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(23)00175-X.
    [3] 国家卫生健康委员会, 疾病预防控制局. 中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2021: 125-126.

    National Health Commission of the People′s Republic of China, Bureau of Disease Prevention and Control. Report on the nutrition and chronic disease status of Chinese residents [M]. Beijing: People′s Medical Publishing House, 2021: 125-126.
    [4] Shi J, He L, Yu D, et al. Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome and its components in Chinese children and adolescents aged 7-17: the China national nutrition and health survey of children and lactating mothers from 2016-2017 [J]. Nutrients, 2022, 14(16): 3348. DOI: 10.3390/nu14163348.
    [5] 袁金娜, 金冰涵, 斯淑婷, 等. 2009至2019年6~15岁中国儿童超重和肥胖趋势分析[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2021, 59(11): 935-941. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20210523-00441.

    Yuan JN, Jin BH, Si ST, et al. Changing prevalence of overweight and obesity among Chinese children aged 6-15 from 2009-2019 [J]. Chin J Pediatr, 2021, 59(11): 935-941. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20210523-00441.
    [6] 高婷婷, 曹薇, 杨媞媞, 等. 中国中西部农村中小学生超重和肥胖状况及其关联因素[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2022, 56(9): 1238-1243. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220225-00179.

    Gao TT, Cao W, Yang TT, et al. Overweight and obesity status and its associated factors among primary and secondary school students in China rural middle and western regions [J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2022, 56(9): 1238-1243. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220225-00179.
    [7] 中国肥胖问题工作组, 季成叶. 中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2004, 25(2): 97-102. DOI: 10.3760/j.issn:0254-6450.2004.02.003.

    Group of China Obesity Task Force, Ji CH. Body mass index reference norm for screening overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents [J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2004, 25(2): 97-102. DOI: 10.3760/j.issn:0254-6450.2004.02.003.
    [8] 赵文华. 防控儿童超重肥胖是一项十分紧迫的任务[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2018, 39(6): 705-706. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.06.001.

    Zhao WH. Prevention and control on childhood overweight and obesity is of urgent importance in China [J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2018, 39(6): 705-706. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.06.001.
    [9] 赵宇星, 朱惠娟, 王林杰. 2016年美国临床内分泌医师学会/美国内分泌学会肥胖症综合管理临床实践指南解读[J]. 中国糖尿病杂志, 2017, 25(1): 10-13. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6187.2017.01.003.

    Zhao YX, Zhu HJ, Wang LJ. Interpretation of 2016 American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) and American College of Endocrinology (ACE) clinical practice guidelines for comprehensive medical care of patients with obesity [J]. Chin J Diabetes, 2017, 25(1): 10-13. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6187.2017.01.003.
    [10] 王友发, 孙明晓, 薛宏, 等. 《中国肥胖预防和控制蓝皮书》解读及中国肥胖预防控制措施建议[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2019, 53(9): 875-883. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2019.09.003.

    Wang YF, Sun MX, Xue H, et al. Understanding the China Blue Paper on Obesity Prevention and Control and policy implications and recommendations for obesity prevention and control in China [J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2019, 53(9): 875-883. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2019.09.003.
    [11] 胡以松, 姚亚男, 宋月萍, 等. 中国九年级学生肥胖情况及其影响因素[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2019, 23(5): 527-531. DOI: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.05.007.

    Hu YS, Yao YN, Song YP, et al. Analysis of the prevalence and influential factors for overweight and obesity of ninth grade students in China [J]. Chin J Dis Control Prev, 2019, 23(5): 527-531. DOI: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.05.007.
    [12] 教育部. 2018年国家义务教育质量监测数学、体育与健康监测结果报告发布[EB/OL]. (2019-11-20) [2023-10-01]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/gzdt_gzdt/s5987/201911/t20191120_409046.html.
    [13] 董彦会, 陈力, 刘婕妤, 等. 1985—2019年中国7~18岁儿童青少年超重与肥胖的流行趋势及预测研究[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2023, 57(4): 461-469. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220906-00881.

    Dong YH, Chen L, Liu JY, et al. Epidemiology and prediction of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in China from 1985 to 2019 [J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2023, 57(4): 461-469. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220906-00881.
    [14] 房红芸, 翟屹, 赵丽云, 等. 中国6~17岁儿童青少年超重肥胖流行特征[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2018, 39(6): 724-727. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.06.006.

    Fang HY, Zhai Y, Zhao LY, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years [J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2018, 39(6): 724-727. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.06.006.
    [15] Cheng TO. China′s little emperors: medical consequences of China′s one-child policy. [J] Int J Cardiol, 2013, 168(6): 5121-5125. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.074.
  • 加载中
表(2)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  32
  • HTML全文浏览量:  17
  • PDF下载量:  13
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2024-01-17
  • 修回日期:  2024-07-15
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-09-29
  • 刊出日期:  2024-08-10

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回