Analysis of change on tobacco use prevalence and awareness of tobacco hazards among male residents aged 15 years and above in Fujian Province
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摘要:
目的 了解福建省≥15岁男性的烟草使用行为、危害认知变化及现在吸烟影响因素，为控烟策略提供依据。 方法 基于2016―2017年和2022年福建省烟草流行调查数据，纳入2 085名和3 062名≥15岁男性为研究对象，数据采用加权后的复杂抽样统计分析方法，通过多因素logistic回归分析现在吸烟率的影响因素。 结果 2022年福建省≥15岁男性现在吸烟率为45.3%，较2016―2017年下降了6.8个百分点; 戒烟率(18.4%)和戒烟意愿(17.5%)仍较低; 烟草危害认知不全面，知晓率虽有上升但仍较低。多因素分析结果显示，25~ < 45岁(OR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.25~2.76)、45~ < 65岁(OR=1.79, 95% CI: 1.20~2.67)男性现在吸烟的风险高于15~ < 25岁; 高中(OR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.48~0.79)、大专及以上(OR=0.31, 95% CI: 0.22~0.43)男性现在吸烟的风险较小学及以下者更低; 知晓吸烟会导致肺癌(OR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.53~0.89)及二手烟会导致成人肺癌(OR=0.70, 95% CI: 0.52~0.95)的男性现在吸烟风险更低。 结论 需加强对25~ < 65岁及低文化程度现在吸烟男性的控烟宣传和戒烟干预，提升烟草危害认知水平，进一步降低现在吸烟率。 Abstract:Objective To understand the change of tobacco use behaviors, awareness of tobacco hazards, and influencing factors of current smoking among men aged 15 years and above in Fujian Province, and to provide evidence for tobacco control. Methods Data were obtained from 2016-2017 and 2022 Fujian Adult Tobacco Surveys, including 2 085 and 3 062 male participants aged 15 years and above, respectively. The data were weighted for complex sampling analysis, and the multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze influencing factors of current smoking rates. Results In 2022, the current smoking rate among men aged 15 years and above was 45.3%, with a 6.8-point drop from 2016-2017. The smoking cessation rate (18.4%) and quit intention (17.5%) remained low, and awareness of tobacco hazards was incomplete. Multivariate analysis showed that men aged 25- < 45 years (OR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.25-2.76) and 45- < 65 years (OR=1.79, 95% CI: 1.20-2.67) had higher smoking risks compared to the 15- < 25-year-old group. Individuals with high school (OR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.48-0.79) or college graduate and above (OR=0.31, 95% CI: 0.22-0.43) had lower smoking risk than those with primary education or below. Men who were aware that smoking causes lung cancer (OR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.53-0.89) or that secondhand smoke causes adult lung cancer (OR=0.70, 95% CI: 0.52-0.95) exhibited reduced smoking risk. Conclusions We should enhance education on tobacco hazards and smoking cessation intervention for men aged 25- < 65 years and those with low education levels. -
Key words:
- Male /
- Tobacco use /
- Awareness of tobacco hazards
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表 1 2016―2017年和2022年福建省≥15岁男性现在吸烟率比较
Table 1. Current smoking rate among men aged 15 years and above in Fujian Province compared between 2016-2017 and 2022
变量
Variable2016―2017年year 2022年year χ2值
valueP值
value例数
Number of people吸烟率
Smoking rate
(95% CI)/%例数
Number of people吸烟率
Smoking rate
(95% CI)/%总体Total 2 852 52.1(49.8~54.4) 3 062 45.3(41.8~48.7) 27.717 0.001 年龄组/岁Age group/years 15~ < 25 169(5.9) 26.8(19.5~35.5) 98(3.2) 32.6(20.1~48.2) 1.097 0.474 25~ < 45 896(31.4) 51.8(47.9~55.7) 741(24.2) 45.2(39.2~51.5) 7.110 0.078 45~ < 65 1 248(43.8) 62.0(58.9~65.1) 1 386(45.3) 51.2(46.5~55.9) 31.305 ＜0.001 ≥65 539(18.9) 51.4(46.3~56.4) 837(27.3) 41.8(36.6~47.2) 12.662 0.011 文化程度Education 小学及以下Primary school or below 1 004(35.3) 64.2(60.6~67.7) 1 023(33.5) 54.0(48.9~59.1) 21.040 0.001 初中Junior high school 881(31.0) 60.1(56.0~64.0) 1 006(32.9) 56.2(49.8~62.3) 2.996 0.298 高中Senior high school 493(17.3) 41.8(36.5~47.3) 537(17.6) 43.3(36.3~50.6) 0.238 0.743 大专及以上College or above 466(16.4) 29.6(24.6~35.1) 492(16.1) 25.7(19.3~33.4) 1.721 0.398 职业Occupation 农民Farmer 792(27.9) 63.5(59.3~67.5) 904(29.7) 56.0(50.0~61.9) 9.793 0.042 政府/事业单位人员Government/public institution personnel 147(5.2) 31.5(23.6~40.7) 120(3.9) 34.2(21.2~50.1) 0.208 0.758 企业/商业/服务业人员Enterprise/business/service personnel 1 054(37.1) 51.9(48.1~55.6) 824(27.1) 47.3(41.1~53.6) 3.868 0.226 教师/医务人员Teacher/doctor 64(2.3) 28.8(17.7~43.1) 81(2.7) 26.2(15.8~40.2) 0.116 0.776 不在业人员Unemployment 337(11.9) 48.9(42.0~55.8) 540(17.8) 42.7(33.7~52.1) 3.290 0.299 其他Others 448(15.8) 46.5(40.6~52.4) 573(18.8) 38.7(30.8~47.3) 6.255 0.141 注：文化程度2016―2017年缺失8例，2022年缺失4例; 职业2016―2017年缺失10例，2022年缺失20例。
Note: 8 educational level and 10 occupational cases were missing in 2016-2017; 4 and 20 cases respectively in 2022.
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表 2 2016―2017年和2022年福建省≥15岁男性烟草危害认知正确率
Table 2. Rate of correct answer on smoking hazard among men aged 15 years and above in Fujian Province compared between 2016-2017 and 2022
危害认知Risk awareness 2016―2017年year 2022年year χ2值value P值value 吸烟危害认知Awareness of smoking hazards 会引起卒中It can cause a stroke 29.4 36.0 28.904 0.001 会引起心脏病It can cause heart disease 38.5 43.4 14.861 0.018 会引起肺癌It can cause lung cancer 75.6 69.2 29.969 ＜0.001 会引起阳痿It can cause impotence 22.9 30.5 43.760 ＜0.001 会引起以上4种疾病It can cause the above 4 diseases 15.4 24.1 70.635 ＜0.001 二手烟危害认知Awareness of secondhand smoke hazards 会引起成人心脏病It can cause heart disease in adults 30.3 44.4 126.021 ＜0.001 会引起儿童肺部疾病It can cause lung disease in children 61.2 62.0 0.359 0.704 会引起成人肺癌It can cause lung cancer in adults 57.9 62.2 11.222 0.033 会引起以上3种疾病It can cause the above 3 diseases 28.3 41.1 107.481 ＜0.001
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表 3 福建省≥15岁男性现在吸烟影响因素的多因素logistic回归分析
Table 3. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of current smoking among men aged 15 years and above in Fujian Province
变量Variable 2016―2017年year
OR值value(95% CI)2022年year
OR值value(95% CI)2次调查Two surveys
OR值value(95% CI)年龄组/岁Age group/years 15~ < 25 1.00 1.00 1.00 25~ < 45 2.41(1.48~3.91) 1.45(0.79~2.68) 1.86(1.25~2.76) 45~ < 65 2.56(1.59~4.12) 1.29(0.69~2.40) 1.79(1.20~2.67) ≥65 1.44(0.87~2.37) 0.75(0.37~1.51) 1.03(0.66~1.60) 文化程度Education 小学及以下Primary school or below 1.00 1.00 1.00 初中Junior high school 1.05(0.81~1.36) 1.09(0.77~1.54) 1.00(0.81~1.24) 高中Senior high school 0.60(0.44~0.82) 0.73(0.49~1.10) 0.62(0.48~0.79) 大专及以上College or above 0.40(0.27~0.58) 0.30(0.18~0.52) 0.31(0.22~0.43) 知晓吸烟会引起肺癌Awareness of smoking causes lung cancer 否No 1.00 1.00 1.00 是Yes 0.62(0.46~0.83) 0.64(0.41~1.01) 0.69(0.53~0.89) 知晓二手烟会引起成人肺癌Awareness of secondhand smoke causes adult lung cancer 否No 1.00 1.00 1.00 是Yes 0.65(0.47~0.91) 0.82(0.48~1.38) 0.70(0.52~0.95)
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